Fog learning for cultivating critical thinking in information seeking process

Abstract

Fog computing has been emerged as a promising paradigm with the different applications from industry to academic area. In this paper, we proposed a new concept, namely fog learning with the aim of addressing the critical thinking as a demanding issue in academic area. Due to the distributed architecture of our fog learning model, it can be used anywhere, anytime, and with the minimum latency in comparison with the existing mobile and cloud learning models to foster the critical thinking. To test the effectiveness of the proposed method, we applied the Software Usability Measurement Inventory (SUMI) as well as the acceptance test. We firstly showed that more than 74% of participants suffered from lack of critical thinking. Moreover, the participants indicated that they use several critical thinking skills during information seeking process, which shows there are relationships between critical thinking skills and the information seeking processes.According to the relationships between critical thinking skills and the information seeking processes, we designed a prototype for cultivating of critical thinking on the basis of fog learning. The results of the prototype evaluation emphasized on its positive role to foster critical thinking. KEYWORDScritical thinking skills, fog computing, fog learning, information seeking process, postgraduate students, prototype INTRODUCTIONCritical thinking (CT) is a significant skill in the information society to recognize false, incomplete, old, or new information. One of the main goals of higher education in the information age is to make students active in the learning process. 1 Facione 2 stated that teaching students to think critically is not only important to the society in general but is also vital to the students' learning process. Most instructors claim that it is essential for students to develop CT skills when they start their academic learning because these skills help students to have purposeful and self-regulatory reasoning.CT also helps students to evaluate the opinion of others, make decisions, and arrive at a reasonable conclusion when encountering complicated problems. 3Recently, the Internet has been known as a popular information source to meet different information needs, especially during learning process of students. Due to the variety of information resources, it is an essential task for students to know how to find, analyze, and evaluate the information.The students can find proper information while they attempt to pass the information seeking processes by leveraging the CT. 4 In spite of the importance of CT in higher education and industry, feedback from the industry still indicates the lack of CT skills among new graduate students. 5,6 Therefore, the first problem of this study is lack of CT among postgraduate students who graduate from universities in a variety of degrees and disciplines. As a result, finding a solution to cultivate CT is highly required.On the other hand, well-educated persons with CT skills are able to recognize relevant information...

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