Folates and aging: Role in mild cognitive impairment, dementia and depression

Araújo, João Pedro; Martel, Fátima; Borges, Nuno; Araújo, João Manuel; Keating, Elisa

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2015.04.005

Cited by 134 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Epidemiologic studies suggest that vitamin E is protective against cognitive disorders (67), but a large human trial that assessed the effect of vitamin E on progression from MCI to AD found no difference compared with placebo (68). The findings of RCTs that used supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin B-12, and folate also were inconsistent (69,70), suggesting that some of the benefits of nutrients might be due to synergistic effects or mediated by nutrient-nutrient interactions (70). In addition, it is possible that any potential benefits of supplementation are evident only in those who are deficient or have a low intake of a nutrient, such as in the case of folate (71).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review of the Evidence

Petersson

Philippou

2016

Advances in Nutrition

367

212

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A growing body of evidence suggests that adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) may protect against cognitive decline and dementia. Many epidemiologic studies and several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have found positive effects of the MD on cognitive function, but findings remain inconsistent. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an update on the current knowledge of the effects of the MD on cognitive function, cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease (AD), and all-type dementia. Five databases were searched-PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and PsycINFO (1806 to 25 May 2015)-with the use of prespecified criteria. Human studies that were published in English without any restriction on study type, population assessed, intervention period, follow-up time, or publication date, and that examined the association between adherence to the MD and cognitive function or dementia symptoms (as measured by cognitive function tests), were included. Only primary publication types were included. Thirty-two studies from 25 unique cohorts, including 5 RCTs and 27 observational studies, met the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies showed that the MD was associated with improved cognitive function, a decreased risk of cognitive impairment or decreased risk of dementia, or AD. Three studies found no correlation between the MD and AD, 3 further studies found no association between the MD and cognitive impairment, and 5 studies found no association between the MD and cognitive function. There was large heterogeneity, and studies differed with regard to quality. Based on the findings and the limitations in study design, we conclude that adherence to the MD is associated with better cognitive performance. However, it should be noted that the majority of findings come from epidemiologic studies that provide evidence for a correlation between the MD and cognition but not for a cause-and-effect relation. More controlled trials are required to establish a causational relation. Adv Nutr 2016;7:889-904.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review of the Evidence

Petersson

Philippou

2016

Advances in Nutrition

367

212

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recently, intake of total B vitamins have been shown to be associated with better cognitive function in the cognitively impaired elderly, especially in AD patients (Kim et al, 2014; Li et al, 2014). Partial mechanisms underlying this association have been proposed including antioxidant defense and lower occurrence of methylation reactions in central nervous system (Haan et al, 2007; Araujo et al, 2015). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intake of Nutrients and Lifestyle Affect the Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Chinese Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Guo

et al. 2016

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a pre-clinical stage of Alzheimer’s disease afflicting a large number of the elderly throughout the world. However, modifiable risk factors for the onset and progression of MCI remain unclear. A cross-sectional study was performed to explore whether and how daily dietary nutrients intake and lifestyle impacted the risk of MCI in the Chinese elderly. We examined 2,892 elderly subjects, including 768 MCI patients and 2,124 subjects with normal cognition in three different Provinces of China. Dietary intake of nutrients were collected by using a 33-item food frequency questionnaire and calculated based on the Chinese Food Composition database. The MCI patients were first screened by Montreal Cognitive Assessment and then diagnosed by medical neurologists. Multivariate logistic regression and exploratory factor analyses were applied to identify and rank the risk factors. Three dietary nutrient intake combination patterns were identified as the major protective factors of MCI, with eigenvalues of 14.11, 2.26, and 1.51 and adjusted odds ratios (OR) of 0.77, 0.81, and 0.83 (P < 0.05), respectively. The most protective combination was featured with eight vitamins and six minerals, and OR for the third and fourth quartiles of these nutrients intake ranged from 0.48 to 0.74 (P < 0.05). Carotenoids, vitamin C, and vitamin B6 exhibited the highest protective factor loadings of 0.97, 0.95, and 0.92 (P < 0.05), respectively. Education, computer use, reading, and drinking represented the most protective lifestyle factors (OR = 0.25 to 0.85, P < 0.05), whereas smoking and peripheral vascular diseases were associated with higher (OR = 1.40 and 1.76, P < 0.05) risk of MCI. Adequate dietary intake of monounsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol were significantly associated with decreased risk of MCI. In conclusion, adequate or enhanced intake of micronutrients seemed to lower the risk of MCI in the Chinese elderly. In addition, improving education and lifestyle such as reading, computer use and moderate drinking might also help to decrease the risk of MCI.

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“…High baseline ω-3 fatty acids were linked with a slower rate of brain atrophy only in the vitamin B group but not in the placebo group [49,50]. While low folate level may be the risk factor for cognition decline, supplementation studies with folate remain inconclusive [22,51]. Taken together, diet enriched in omega-3-fatty acids and folate can synergize with Vitamin B supplementation supplementation in preventing cognitive decline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Exploratory study of sublimed sulfur, in cognitively normal subjects and in Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) subjects: implications for Sulfur targeting Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)/Homocysteine (Hcy) and beta-galactosidase (GALAC)/Autophagy Signaling in AD

Chiu¹,

Khan²,

Badmaev³

et al. 2017

J Syst Integr Neurosci

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Introduction: There is mounting evidence to suggest that hyper-homocysteinemia (eHct) correlates with cognitive decline severity and cortical atrophy in AD. Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2 S) exerts neuroprotection through regulating Homocysteine (eHcy) signaling. Elemental sulfur can mediate H 2 S neuroprotection through the trans-sulfuration pathway and correct the the dysregulation of H 2 S /Hct signaling in AD. Sublimed Sulfur, formulated as SULMEDOL and approved for the treatment of lactose intolerance, activates gut beta-galactosidase (GALAC). We repurpose Sulmedol from lactose intolerance to likely CNS effect, since gut GALAC cross-talks with senescence-related GALAC expression in the brain. In view of the known regulatory function of GALAC in CNS endosomal-lysosomal autophagy system , we propose that SULMEDOL may rescue aberrant autophagy in AD.

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Folates and aging: Role in mild cognitive impairment, dementia and depression

Cited by 134 publications

References 85 publications

Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review of the Evidence

Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review of the Evidence

Dietary Intake of Nutrients and Lifestyle Affect the Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Chinese Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Exploratory study of sublimed sulfur, in cognitively normal subjects and in Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) subjects: implications for Sulfur targeting Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)/Homocysteine (Hcy) and beta-galactosidase (GALAC)/Autophagy Signaling in AD

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