The sedimentary sequences and associated magmatic rocks from the Cuddapah basin and adjoining fold belts on the eastern margin of the Dharwar craton of Peninsular India are repositories of several economic mineral deposits, including radioactive mineral deposits. Growing evidence suggests that the array of subbasins (on the western side), the Nallamalai Fold Belt, and the eastern Nellore Schist Belt represent independent terranes that were tectonically connected. Paleoproterozoic-Mesoproterozoic extensional passive margin development with the attached oceanic realm, followed by Mesoproterozoic collisional tectonics and a subsequent Neoproterozoic extensional regime resulted in the present configuration of this region. A review of recent publications suggests that several traditional views deserve to be modified. This region needs to be examined in light of the emerging models of Proterozoic supercontinental assembly and break-up. Open areas of debate and gaps in confirmatory evidence for such models are discussed to provide directions for future studies.