FOLIAR APPLICATION OF GLYCINEBETAINE (GB) ALLEVIATES THE CADMIUM (Cd) TOXICITY IN SPINACH THROUGH REDUCING Cd UPTAKE AND IMPROVING THE ACTIVITY OF ANTI-OXIDANT SYSTEM

Aamer, Muhammad; Muhammad, Umer; Li, Z; Abid, Ameur; Su, Qing; Liu, Y; Adnan, Rahmat; muhammad, aslam; Anwar, Tahir; Guo-qin, Huang

doi:10.15666/aeer/1606_75757583

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…All these resulted in an increased tolerance capacity of the plants. Glycine betaine further increased the activity of the antioxidant system (Figs 4-6) which in turn prevents plants from oxidative damages caused by ROS generated due to stressed conditions that might also be the reason for the enhanced amelioration process in sorghum plants [68][69][70][71]. Aamer et al [69] demonstrated similar effects on GB application in spinach under Cd toxicity, as were observed during the present investigation.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Glycine betaine further increased the activity of the antioxidant system (Figs 4-6) which in turn prevents plants from oxidative damages caused by ROS generated due to stressed conditions that might also be the reason for the enhanced amelioration process in sorghum plants [68][69][70][71]. Aamer et al [69] demonstrated similar effects on GB application in spinach under Cd toxicity, as were observed during the present investigation. Bharwana et al [72] also obtained similar results that GB application enhances the amelioration behaviour of cotton plants grown under lead (Pb) toxicity.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 85%

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Stress amelioration response of glycine betaine and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sorghum under Cr toxicity

Kumar

2021

PLoS ONE

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Chromium toxicity is a major problem in agricultural soils that negatively affects a plant’s metabolic activities. It reduces biochemical and antioxidant defence system’s activities. In search of the solution to this problem a two-year pot experiment (completely randomized design with three replications), in three genetically different varieties of sorghum (SSG 59–3, HJ 513 and HJ 541) under Cr toxicity (2 and 4 ppm) was conducted to determine the effect of glycine betaine (50 and 100mM) and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the antioxidant system (enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase, peroxidase and metabolites viz. glutathione, ascorbate, proline, β-carotene) along with Cr accumulation and indices of oxidative stress parameters (polyphenol oxidase, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde) at two growth stages (vegetative and grain filling). According to results; Cr stress (2 & 4 ppm) increased its accumulation and indices of oxidative stresses significantly (p≤0.05) in all varieties of sorghum at both growth stages. However, soil application of glycine betaine (GB) and AMF decreased Cr accumulation and indices of oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzymes and metabolites activities at both growth stages in all varieties. The combination of 100mM GB with AMF was observed most significant (p≤0.05) in decreasing oxidative stress and improved the antioxidant system’s activities. The SSG 59–3 cultivar showed the lowest Cr accumulation (1.60 and 8.61 ppm), indices of oxidative stress and highest antioxidant system’s activity among these three cultivars at both growth stages. Thus, SSG 59–3 was found most tolerant cultivars followed by HJ 513 and then HJ 541. These findings suggest that both GB and AMF, either individually or combined can play a positive role to reduce oxidative stress and increased antioxidant attributes under Cr toxicity in sorghum.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 85%

Stress amelioration response of glycine betaine and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sorghum under Cr toxicity

Kumar

2021

PLoS ONE

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“…Toxic metals retain in soil and affect the soil microbes and plant growth and subsequently transferred into plants and impact the human health by entering the food chain [5]. Moreover, they also induced serious alteration in plants ranging from reduction in growth to subsequent mortality [1,6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cadmium stress induces serious impacts on the physiological, biochemical and morphological processes of plants [11]. It also disturbs the cell redox status and causes damage to major molecules through overproduction of ROS by inhibiting the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes [6,12]. Cadmium stress also disrupts membrane permeability, stomatal movements, photosynthesis, water relations and plant mineral nutrition [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [Vigna mungo (L.)]

et al. 2021

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Cadmium (Cd) stress is a serious environmental hazard that has devastating impacts on plant growth and productivity. Moreover, the entrance of Cd into the human food chain by eating Cd-contaminated food also poses serious health issues. Organic amendments (OA) possess an excellent potential to reduce the adverse impacts of Cd stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the potential of different OA in improving the mash beans growth and yield grown under Cd-contaminated soil. The soil was spiked with different concentrations of Cd (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and subjected to different OA, i.e., control, cow manure (5%), sugarcane press mud (5%) and a combination of cow manure (2.5%) and sugarcane press mud (2.5%). Results indicated that Cd stress induced a significant reduction in growth and yield traits, leaf water status, photosynthetic pigments, protein accumulation and anti-oxidant activities. However, the application of OA appreciably reduced the Cd-induced toxic effects and caused a significant increase in growth and yield. The application of 5% sugarcane press mud remained the top performer and it increased the mash bean growth and yield through improved photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status (56%) and reduced Cd uptake (18%), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production (38.52%), electrolyte leakage (EL) (42.13%) malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation (55.88%) and increased accumulation of soluble protein (60.15%) and free amino acids (54%) through improved activities of anti-oxidant enzymes. Therefore, these findings suggested that the application of sugarcane press mud enhanced the growth and yield through reduced Cd accumulation, enhanced photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, protein and amino accumulation and reduced H2O2, EL and MDA accumulation through a stronger anti-oxidant defense system.

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“…This increase in grain yield might be resulted due to reduction in Cr uptake on GB and AMF application which in turn decreased stress level by maintaining proper stomatal conductance, chloroplast ultrastructure, RuBisCo activity, photosynthetic capacity and proper nutrient uptake [60]. Glycine betaine increased the antioxidant systems activity which in turn prevents plants from oxidative damages caused by ROS generated due to stressed conditions that might resulted in enhanced grain yield [61][62][63] demonstrated similar effects on AMF inoculation in sun ower under Cd toxicity, as were observed during present investigation. Similarly, GB application increased the growth and yield in rice plants under Cd toxicity [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Title: The Cumulative Dose of AMF and GB is More Effective in The Amelioration of Cr(VI) Toxicity in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Than Individually

Kumar

2021

Preprint

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Industrial and anthropogenic activities are the major source of heavy metal toxicants in agricultural soils. Among, heavy metal toxicants, hexavalent chromium is the most toxic toxicant that negatively affects plant’s metabolic activities and yield. It reduces the plant growth and development by influencing the antioxidant defence system’s activities. In the present experiment, two different soil applied dozes of GB viz. 50 and 100mM, and AMF, both individually and in combination were tested for their capability to ameliorate Cr toxicity in sorghum. The promotive behaviour of these treatments for antioxidant defence system was analysed at vegetative (35 DAS) and grain filling stage (95 DAS) in three varieties of sorghum viz. SSG 59-3, HJ 513 (multi-cut) and HJ 541 (single-cut) under 2 and 4 ppm Cr toxicity. At the same time resultant effects of this behaviour on Cr accumulation, grain yield and indices of oxidative stress was also studied. In this experiment antioxidant defence system includes enzymes viz. SOD, APX, CAT, GR, POD and metabolites viz. glutathione, ascorbate, proline, β-carotene and indices of oxidative stress includes parameters viz. PPO, H2O2 and MDA. The results delineated that Cr accumulation and indices of oxidative stress were increased with increasing concentration of Cr stress in all the varieties at both growth stages. Chromium stress at high concentration (4 ppm), decreased the grain yield (71.69 %) as compared with control. Due to 4 ppm Cr stress, PPO activity, MDA and H2O2 accumulation increased significantly (72.29 %, 73.15 %, 79 % respectively, at 35 DAS and 70.36 %, 74.78 %, 79.83 % respectively, at 95 DAS). GB and AMF individually increased antioxidant activity but in combination, further significantly increased antioxidant defence system’s activity which in turn decreased indices of oxidative stress and reduced the Cr toxicity and increased grain yield of sorghum in all varieties at both the growth stages. However, treatment of 100mM GB with AMF was observed most significant in decreasing oxidative stress and improved antioxidant system’s activities and grain yield as compared with all other treatments at both growth stages in all the varieties. SSG 59-3 cultivar showed lowest chromium content (1.60 and 8.61 ppm), indices of oxidative stress and highest antioxidant system’s activity as compared to HJ 513 followed by HJ 541 variety, at 35 and 95 DAS respectively. Thus, among the varieties SSG 59-3 was found most tolerant as compared to HJ 513 followed by HJ 541 variety. These findings suggest that both GB and AMF, either individually or combined can play a positive role to reduce oxidative stress and increased yield attributes under Cr toxicity in sorghum.

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FOLIAR APPLICATION OF GLYCINEBETAINE (GB) ALLEVIATES THE CADMIUM (Cd) TOXICITY IN SPINACH THROUGH REDUCING Cd UPTAKE AND IMPROVING THE ACTIVITY OF ANTI-OXIDANT SYSTEM

Abstract: Aamer et al.: Foliar application of glycinebetaine (GB) alleviates the cadmium toxicity in spinach through reducing Cd uptake and improving the activity of anti-oxidant system -7575 -

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

Stress amelioration response of glycine betaine and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sorghum under Cr toxicity

Stress amelioration response of glycine betaine and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sorghum under Cr toxicity

Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [Vigna mungo (L.)]

Title: The Cumulative Dose of AMF and GB is More Effective in The Amelioration of Cr(VI) Toxicity in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Than Individually

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