Foliar Application of Moringa Extract and Nanoparticles to Improve Performance Growth, Yield and Quality of Garlic Plants Grown on Saline Soil

Abstract

Nanotechnology can put advents for increasing yields to support agricultural sector and decreasing environmental risks. Also, natural plant extracts can stimulate the performance of plants grown on salt affected soil. A little is known about the joint effects of external application of moringa extract plus foliar spraying with Nanoparticles on garlic plants grown on saline soil. So, a field research work was executed aiming at assessing the influence of the external applications of moringa extract [ with (30 ml L -1 ) and without foliar spray, as main plots], copper oxide Nanoparticles (CuO NPs) as sub plots at different rates i.e, 0.0, 1.0 and 2.0 ng L -1 and magnetite iron oxide Nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) as sub-sub plots at different rates i.e, 0.0, 2.0 and 4.0 ng L -1 on the performance of garlic plants grown on saline soil at two periods (100 and 180 days from planting). The findings indicate that the garlic plants grown on saline soil with foliar application of moringa extract had the best performance compared to the corresponding garlic plants grown without external application of moringa extract. On the other hand, the plant improvement increased as the rate of NPs increased. Generally, the best performance was recorded when garlic plants were sprayed in combination with moringa extract (30 ml L -1 ), CuO NPs (2.0 ng L -1 ) and magnetite Fe3O4 NPs (4.0 ng L -1 ) compared to other combined treatments. Generally, it can be concluded that studied substances acted to mitigate the influences of salinity stress of soil on garlic plants.

Enhancement of Rose Scented Geranium Plant Growth, Secondary Metabolites, and Essential Oil Components through Foliar Applications of Iron (Nano, Sulfur and Chelate) in Alkaline Soils

“…The data herein revealed that the application of Fe sources significantly raised chlorophyll above untreated plants. In line with the current results, several researchers recognized that the application of Fe-NPs [24]; Fe-sulphate [18], EDDHA [18], and EDTA [56] increased leaves chlorophyll concentration over untreated plants. The encouragement roles of Fe on chlorophyll accumulation resulted from regulating Fe, Mg, and N uptake and increase Fe availability (Table 7), as well as regulate Chl assimilation gene expression [57], stimulation chlorophyll assimilation pathways [58] and encouraging the transformation of Mg-Proto to Pchlide and consequently Chl a and b.…”

“…Compared to untreated control plants, plant growth was dramatically boosted by the application of Fe-sources. These results were supported by previous investigations [8,18,24]. In this regard, the performance, root growth, and leaf count of sweet basil were all enhanced by the application of Fe 3 O 4 -NPs (1, 2, and 3 mg L −1 ) concentration [43].…”

“…The most recent results showed that spraying with Fe sources significantly increases the levels of N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn in plant shoots as compared to untreated plants. The findings of El-Sonbaty [24] for Fe-NPs, Abou-Sreea et al [7] for FeSO 4 , Erdale [65] for EDTA, and Tavallali [66] for EDDHA were in agreement with these results. In this regard, Gutierrez-Ruelas et al [18] found that in green bean, the application of Fe sources (Fe-NPs, FeSO 4 , EDDHA) increased plant Fe concentration.…”

“…Likewise, 0.2% Fe-EDDHA application amplified Chl a and Chl b and induced a marginal rise in the plant tissue N content [67]. Moreover, El-Sonbaty [24] found that spraying onion plants with Fe-NPs significantly increased N, P, and K content in plant organs over control plants. The role of Fe in increasing nutrient concentration and uptake may be due to increased energy availability and increased deactivated absorption of anions in root cells that increased absorption of cations as potassium [68].…”

“…Recently, there has been a thrust to develop innovative nanoparticle (NP) fertilizer formulations including iron nano-oxide (Fe-NPs), for reducing the quantity of conventional fertilizers owing to (1) their unique physical and chemical attributes (small size, huge surface area, pureness, and steadiness), and (2) the interface amongst nanoparticles and biomolecules possibly will provoke metabolic pathways in treated plants [8,18,23]. The stimulating impact of Fe-NPs on the growth and economic yield of different herbs has been reported previously [8,23,24]. In this regard, El-Khateeb et al [8] on sweet marjoram found that Fe-NPs foliar spraying augmented plant growth, chlorophyll concentration, carbohydrates, EO %, and yield as well as their constituents.…”