Foliar fungal endophyte community structure is independent of phylogenetic relatedness in an Asteraceae common garden

Whitaker, Briana K.; Christian, Natalie; Chai, Qiang; Clay, Keith

doi:10.1002/ece3.6983

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(131 reference statements)

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“…We did not find an effect of plant phylogenetic distance on endophyte community similarity, or v phylosymbiosis, but did find evidence for phylospecificity. Endophyte communities were structured with respect to plant species, families, and major groups, similar to past studies (Vincent et al 2016, Whitaker et al 2020. In particular, we found that endophytes within major groups of angiosperms (asterids, rosids, basal eudicots, and commelinids) associated with narrower phylogenetic breadths of plant species compared to endophytes within conifers and the one fern species.…”

Section: Plant Evolutionary Relatedness and Patterns Of Endophyte Host Specificitysupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Phylospecificity (Poulin et al 2011, Cooper et al 2012, Huang et al 2014, Clark and Clegg 2017, or the tendency of symbionts to occupy more closely related hosts than expected by chance, shapes differences in endophyte communities that may not be correlated to plant phylogenetic distance. For example, Whitaker et al (2020) did not find evidence for phylosymbiosis because the genetic distances among 18 Asteraceae hosts were not correlated with endophyte community dissimilarity but did find evidence for phylospecificity, or a plant identity effect, where conspecific hosts tended to have more similar endophyte communities than heterospecific ones. Here, we tested for both phylosymbiosis, or the effect of phylogenetic distance on endophyte community dissimilarity, and phylospecificity, the non-random distribution of endophyte associations with respect to the plant phylogeny, to understand how endophyte host specificity varies with plant phylogenetic distance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…They occur asymptomatically within the photosynthetic tissues of all major plant lineages and are primarily acquired by horizontal transmission (Arnold 2007, Rodriguez et al 2009 where spores are dispersed by the environment, land on leaf surfaces, and cause localized infections within leaves (Herre et al 2007, Wang et al 2009). Studies of their distribution among plants have repeatedly shown that endophyte community composition varies by geography (Zimmerman and Vitousek 2012, Langenfeld et al 2013, Oono et al 2017, Whitaker et al 2018, plant identity (Zhang and Yao 2015, Vincent et al 2016, Liu et al 2019, U'Ren et al 2019, or both (Hoffman and Arnold 2008, Christian et al 2016, Whitaker et al 2020). However, these foundational observations have yet to be explored with sampling designs that explicitly account for host community structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant abundance, but not plant evolutionary history, shapes patterns of host specificity in foliar fungal endophytes

Apigo

Oono

2022

Ecosphere

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Understanding the origins and maintenance of host specificity, or why horizontally-acquired symbionts associate with some hosts but not others, remains elusive. In this study, we explored whether patterns of host specificity in foliar fungal endophytes, a guild of highly diverse fungi that occur within the photosynthetic tissues of all major plant lineages, were related to characteristics of the plant community. We comprehensively sampled all plant host species within a single community and tested the relationship between plant abundance or plant evolutionary relatedness and metrics of endophyte host specificity. We quantified host specificity with methods that considered the total endophyte community per plant host (i.e., multivariate methods) along with species-based methods (i.e., univariate metrics) that considered host specificity from the perspective of each endophyte. Univariate host specificity metrics quantified plant alpha-diversity (structural specificity), plant beta-diversity (beta-specificity), and plant phylogenetic diversity (phylogenetic specificity) per endophyte. We standardized the effect sizes of univariate host specificity metrics to randomized distributions to avoid spurious correlations between host specificity metrics and endophyte abundance. We found that more abundant plant species harbored endophytes that occupied fewer plant species (higher structural specificity) and were consistently found in the same plant species across the landscape (higher beta-specificity). There was no relationship between plant phylogenetic distance and endophyte community dissimilarity. We still found that endophyte community composition significantly varied among plant species, families, and major groups, supporting a plant identity effect. In particular, endophytes in angiosperm lineages associated with narrower phylogenetic breadths of plants (higher phylogenetic specificity) compared to endophytes within conifer and fern lineages. Overall, an effect of plant species abundance may help explain why horizontally-transmitted endophytes vary geographically within host species ranges.

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Section: Plant Evolutionary Relatedness and Patterns Of Endophyte Host Specificitysupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant abundance, but not plant evolutionary history, shapes patterns of host specificity in foliar fungal endophytes

Apigo

Oono

2022

Ecosphere

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“…Many Asteraceae species are native to North America and have previously been shown to display a range of negative to positive PSFs (M€ unzbergov a and Surinov a 2015). Additionally, recent work has shown that Asteraceae leaf fungi vary by host species identity (Whitaker et al 2020) and that several Asteraceae experience negative PPFs (Whitaker et al 2017). All plant species tested here are native to the midwestern United States and span a range of functional strategies and phylogenetic distance.…”

Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…All plant litter inoculum was derived from a common garden (for more details, see Whitaker et al 2020) to ensure adequate biomass for litter inoculation and to isolate host species over environmental effects in the microbial communities. Briefly, the common garden was established in 2014 at the Indiana University Bayles Road Research and Teaching Preserve site in Bloomington, Indiana USA (39°13003.6″N, 86°32024.4″W).…”

Section: Inoculum Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Conspecific leaf litter induces negative feedbacks in Asteraceae seedlings

Zaret

Bauer

Clay

et al. 2021

Ecology

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The plant soil feedback (PSF) framework has been instrumental in understanding the impacts of soil microbes on plant fitness and species coexistence. PSFs develop when soil microbial communities are altered due to the identity and density of a particular plant species, which can then enhance or inhibit the local survival and growth of that plant species as well as different plant species. The recent extension of the PSF framework to aboveground microbiota, termed here as plant phyllosphere feedbacks (PPFs), can also help to determine the impact of aboveground microbes on plant fitness and species interactions. However, experimental tests of PPFs during early plant growth are nascent and the prevalence of PPFs across diverse plant species remains unknown. Additionally, it is unclear whether plant host characteristics, such as functional traits or phylogenetic distance, may help to predict the strength and direction of PPFs. To test for the prevalence of litter-mediated PPFs, recently senesced plant litter from 10 native Asteraceae species spanning a range of life history strategies was used to inoculate seedlings of both conspecific and heterospecific species. We found that exposure to conspecific litter significantly reduced the growth of four species relative to exposure to heterospecific litter (i.e., significant negative PPFs), three species experienced marginally significant negative PPFs, and the PPF estimates for all 10 species were negative. However, neither plant functional traits, nor phylogenetic distance were predictive of litter feedbacks across plant species pairs, suggesting that other mechanisms or traits not measured may be driving conspecific negative PPFs. Our results indicate that negative, litter-mediated PPFs are common among native Asteraceae species and that they may have substantial impacts on plant growth and plant species interactions, particularly during early plant growth.

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Fungal endophyte effects on invasive Phragmites australis performance in field and growth chamber environments

et al. 2022

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Foliar fungal endophyte community structure is independent of phylogenetic relatedness in an Asteraceae common garden

Cited by 13 publications

References 72 publications

Plant abundance, but not plant evolutionary history, shapes patterns of host specificity in foliar fungal endophytes

Plant abundance, but not plant evolutionary history, shapes patterns of host specificity in foliar fungal endophytes

Conspecific leaf litter induces negative feedbacks in Asteraceae seedlings

Fungal endophyte effects on invasive Phragmites australis performance in field and growth chamber environments

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