Folic acid and psychopathology

Young, Simon N.; Ghadirian, A. M.

doi:10.1016/0278-5846(89)90037-7

Cited by 68 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The most common finding associated with cobalamin deficiency was peripheral neuropathy, whereas folate deficiency was mainly associated with depression. The reported relations between folate deficiency and neuropsychiatric disorders in several studies have been summarized [7]. The most consistent finding is a high incidence of folate deficiency, ranging from 25 to 35% in patients with depression and schizophrenia and from 12 to 36% in psychogeriatric patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Plasma Homocysteine Is a Sensitive Marker for Tissue Deficiency of Both Cobalamines and Folates in a Psychogeriatric Population

Nilsson¹,

Gustafson²,

Hultberg

1999

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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The concentration of blood folates was decreased and the concentration of plasma homocysteine was increased in a psychogeriatric population, whereas the concentrations of methylmalonic acid or serum cobalamins were not changed compared with healthy subjects. The highest frequency of abnormal values was shown by plasma homocysteine concentration, which was increased in 88 of 168 patients. In 29 of these 88 patients increased concentration of plasma homocysteine could possibly be attributed to tissue cobalamin deficiency. One patient had only a lowered concentration of blood folate. Thirteen patients had elevated concentrations of serum creatinine which could explain increased plasma homocysteine concentration. Even if the remaining patients (n = 45) had normal vitamin levels in circulation, the increased plasma homocysteine concentration in most cases must be attributed to tissue deficiency of cobalamins and/or folates. Thus, many patients with increased plasma homocysteine concentrations need further vitamin supplementation despite their normal vitamin levels in serum and blood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Plasma Homocysteine Is a Sensitive Marker for Tissue Deficiency of Both Cobalamines and Folates in a Psychogeriatric Population

Nilsson¹,

Gustafson²,

Hultberg

1999

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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“…Hence, DNA methylation varies with age in both time as well as place, and aberrant DNA methylation in old age may lead to neurodegenerative disorders [Tohgi et al, 1999b] or cancer [Chen and Wu, 2002]. Interestingly, folic acid, which is known to facilitate methylation, is reported to be effective for prevention of some cancers and dementia [Young and Ghadirian, 1989]. …”

Section: Dna Methylation and Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylomics in psychiatry: Modulation of gene–environment interactions may be through DNA methylation

Abdolmaleky

Smith

Faraone

et al. 2003

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

198

137

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Fine-tuning of neuronal connections during development is regulated through environmental interactions. Some fine-tuning occurs through changes in gene expression and/or epigenetic gene-specific DNA methylation states. DNA methylation occurs by transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl methionine to cytosine residues in the dinucleotide sequence CpG. Although CpG sequences spread throughout the genome are usually heavily methylated, those occurring in CpG islands in the promoter regions of genes are less methylated. In most cases, the extent of DNA methylation correlates with the extent of gene inactivation. Other known epigenetic mechanisms include histone deacetylation and chromatin remodeling, RNA inhibition, RNA modification, and DNA rearrangement. Exposure memory expressed as epigenetic DNA modifications allows genomic plasticity and short-term adaptation of each generation to their environment. Environmental factors that affect DNA methylation include diet, proteins, drugs, and hormones. Induced methylation changes may produce altered gene response upon subsequent hormonal stimulation. The gene-specific DNA methylation state may be preserved upon transmission through mitosis and meiosis. An increasing amount of data implicates a role for DNA methylation in multi-factorial psychiatric disorders. For example, L-methionine treatment can exacerbate psychosis; while valproate, a drug producing hypomethylated DNA, reduces such symptoms. Hypermethylation of the promoter region of the RELN gene correlates with reduced gene expression. This gene's protein Reelin, which is necessary for neuronal migration and synaptogenesis, is reduced in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, suggesting hypermethylation of the promoter region in these disorders. Some evidence implicates methylation of the promoter regions of the DRD2 and HTR2A genes in schizophrenia and mood disorders as well. DNA methylation usually increases with age, although hypomethylation of the promoter region of the amyloid A4 precursor gene during aging may play a role in Alzheimer's disease. More studies are needed to define the role of methylomics and other epigenetic phenomena in the nervous system.

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“…In that study, they hypothesized that methionine was a methyl donor for the synthesis of hallucinogenic amines. Further studies reported that folate deficiency was present in only 25%-30% of schizophrenics (47). However, in many studies, hyperhomocysteinemia has been the most common finding, especially in young and first-episode schizophrenia patients (48)(49)(50).…”

Section: Psychosis (Schizophrenia)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Folate and homocysteine metabolisms and their roles in the biochemical basis of neuropsychiatry

Coşar¹,

İpçioğlu²,

Özcan³

et al. 2014

Turk J Med Sci

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This work aims to study recent climatic oscillations and their influence on sedimentation in the Ria de Vigo, a coastal embayment in Galicia, NW Spain. It is based on the study of clay mineral assemblages, in conjunction with other proxies (granulometric, geochemical, geochronological and microfaunal), in the core KSGX 24. A Benthic Foraminifera High Productivity (BFHP) proxy was used to determine changes in the flux of organic matter (OM) at the bottom of the study area. Total organic carbon (TOC) content is not a suitable proxy to estimate changes in the past supply of OM due to diagenetic processes. The sedimentation was finest in 3 sections: ~ 230-214 cm, ~ 185-73 cm and ~ 20-0 cm. These muddy sections are characterised, in general, by higher proportions of detrital minerals, concentrations of several chemical elements related to lithogenic sources and BFHP values. In addition, these sections are impoverished in carbonates, Ca, Sr and La when compared with the layers with the highest sand content. The clay mineral assemblage of the studied site, characterised by the dominance of illite, intermediate concentrations of kaolinite and minor amounts of smectite and chlorite, reveals the prevalence of a typical temperate humid climate in the last 3 ka BP, the estimated age for the core base. However, the quantities of illite and chlorite increase in the muddy layers. The characteristics of these muddy layers were interpreted as representing relatively cold climatic oscillations associated with the strengthening of northerly winds and the prevalence of an upwelling regime corresponding to well-known periods, such as the first cold period of the Upper Holocene (~ 2.9 ka cal BP), the Dark Ages (between ~ 2.2 -1.2 ka cal BP) and the Little Ice Age (~ 0.6 ka cal BP).

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Folic acid and psychopathology

Cited by 68 publications

References 66 publications

Plasma Homocysteine Is a Sensitive Marker for Tissue Deficiency of Both Cobalamines and Folates in a Psychogeriatric Population

Plasma Homocysteine Is a Sensitive Marker for Tissue Deficiency of Both Cobalamines and Folates in a Psychogeriatric Population

Methylomics in psychiatry: Modulation of gene–environment interactions may be through DNA methylation

Folate and homocysteine metabolisms and their roles in the biochemical basis of neuropsychiatry

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