Folic Acid-conjugated Graphene Oxide loaded with Photosensitizers for Targeting Photodynamic Therapy

Huang, Peng; Xu, Cheng; Lin, Jing; Wang, Can; Wang, Xiansong; Zhang, Chunlei; Zhou, Xuejiao; Guo, Shouwu; Cui, Daxiang

doi:10.7150/thno/v01p0240

Cited by 502 publications

(359 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…For instance, the high surface area along with the tunable surface chemistry enables the physical adsorption or covalent conjugation of a variety of therapeutic molecules, such as drugs, peptides and growth factors [2][3][4][5]. Additionally, NDs' surface can be modified with targeting biological signals to achieve a selective cellular internalization of chemotherapeutic agents as well as genetic materials.…”

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confidence: 99%

Adoption of nanodiamonds as biomedical materials for bone repair

et al. 2017

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Keywords: gene/drug delivery • nanodiamonds • therapeutics Nanodiamonds (NDs) are an emerging class of biologically compatible carbon-based nanomaterials that possess a set of unique properties essential for the design of innovative therapies in the fields of drug delivery, tissue engineering and bioimaging [1]. For instance, the high surface area along with the tunable surface chemistry enables the physical adsorption or covalent conjugation of a variety of therapeutic molecules, such as drugs, peptides and growth factors [2][3][4][5]. Additionally, NDs' surface can be modified with targeting biological signals to achieve a selective cellular internalization of chemotherapeutic agents as well as genetic materials. Aside from their role as carriers in drug and gene delivery, NDs have been widely explored as nanofillers to improve the physical and mechanical properties of both natural and synthetic scaffolds [6,7]. Specifically, NDs have found application in the field of bone tissue engineering as reinforcing nanomaterial to design nanocomposite systems necessary to promote bone regeneration. This editorial emphasizes on the current state-of-the-art research using NDs in the field of bone repair, with a focus on the recent breakthroughs such as precise immobilization of growth factors and peptides. Biomolecule immobilization via surface functionalization of NDsNDs are carbon-based nanomaterials, which possess a set of unique properties that enables their use in a variety of applications including drug delivery, tissue engineering and bioimaging. This advantage has encouraged scientists to investigate NDs for a broad range of applications [8] in regenerative medicine with a primary focus on bone tissue engineering. NDs possess versatile surface functionalities and they can be loaded with virtually any type of biomolecule, thereby enabling their use as delivery vehicles in bone-healing applications [9]. The presence of surface functional groups can efficiently control the interfacial reactions between the nanoparticle and the active biomolecule, eventually maximizing the therapeutic efficiency of the delivered biomaterial. The initial functional groups present on the surface of NDs, following the formation of the nanoparticle, vary according to the selected synthesis and purification methods. For example, hydrogen-assisted chemical vapor deposition generates NDs bearing hydrogen-terminated surfaces. On the other hand, methods, such as detonation synthesis, introduce a highly diverse surface chemistry, with functional groups such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, ether and carboxyl groups. It is essential to maintain a similar functionality throughout the entire surface to enable further surface reactions. Thus, chemical treatment of the NDs is often required to create homogenized reactive surfaces. Among the possible alternatives, carboxylation, hydroxylation or hydrogenation are the commonly investigated routes to generate -COOH and -OH groups on the surface. Due to the presence of these diverse functionalities on the surfac...

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confidence: 99%

Adoption of nanodiamonds as biomedical materials for bone repair

et al. 2017

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“…Likewise, a number of drugs (doxorubicin (DOX) (41), camptothecin (CPT) (42), etc. ), photosensitizers (PSs) (chlorin e6 (Ce6) (17), sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) (43), etc.) can be effectively loaded onto the surface of graphene, rGO or GO sheets via hydrophobic interactions and π-π stacking.…”

Section: Binding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, some dyes (Cy7 (44), Cy5 (45), IRDye800 (46), fluorescein (47), etc. ), nanoparticles (UCNPs (Tm 3+ /Er 3+ /Yb 3+ )) (48), and biomolecules (folic acid (17), RGD peptide (49), Herceptin (50), transferrin (51), hyaluronic acid (52), β-cyclodextrin (53), TRC105 (54), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (55), etc.) were covalently linked to GO/rGO for FL imaging and active targeting, respectively.…”

Section: Binding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-Based Nanomaterials in Bioimaging

Lin

Huang

2018

Biomedical Applications of Functionalized Nanomaterials

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“…The use of nanomaterials as carriers for the PS tends to improve some of the PDT disadvantages. For example, a folic acid conjugated graphene oxide loaded with Ce6 can accumulate in the tumor cells and shows a great potential for PDT (Huang et al, 2011). Also, glycoconjugated fullerene has a potential use in PDT (Otake et al, 2010).…”

Section: Photosensitizersmentioning

confidence: 99%