Folie a deux-the psychosis of association

Gralnick, Alexander

doi:10.1007/bf01573913

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…According to Gralnick [15], in this subtype, new delusions are added to a psychotic individual's preexisting delusions under the influence of another patient. Some researchers [16,17] have questioned the usefulness and theoretical validity of the previously mentioned subclassification by Gralnick [15]; nevertheless, this classification is at least relevant for describing various clinical patterns of delusional communication between subjects involved.…”

Section: North Americamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the previously mentioned review paper, Gralnick [15] analyzed the explanatory mechanisms of the delusional association of the partners of FAD, suggesting that FAD may be better called "psychosis of association." Scharfetter [9] proposed to call FAD "symbiotic psychosis" because of their origin in a close, mutual participation of the partners.…”

Section: Aporia Of Fad: Association Of the Subjects Or Genetically Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1942, Gralnick [15] published a seminal review, "Folie à deux-the psychosis of association." He presented a concise and effective definition of FAD as "a psychiatric entity characterized by the transference of delusional ideas and/or abnormal behavior from one person to one or more others who have been in close association with the primarily affected patient."…”

Section: North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Demographic data from four review papers published from the 19th to the 21st century [1, 15,22,23] are listed in chronological order in Table 2. It should be stressed that in each paper, the definition of the target disorder is different, reflecting the controversial history of conceptualization of FAD.…”

Section: Demographic Characteristics Of Published Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Folie à Deux and shared psychotic disorder

Shimizu

Kubota²,

Toichi³

et al. 2007

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Folie à deux (FAD) was first described in 19th century France. Since then, the concept has been elaborated, and several subtypes of FAD have been successively reported in France. In contrast, studies in German-speaking psychiatry mainly focused on the conceptual boundary between reactive/endogenous psychosis and etiological hypothesis (ie, psychogenesis vs genetic predisposition). In North America, Gralnick wrote a seminal review and redefined four subtypes of FAD by adopting the European classical concepts. More recently, "shared psychotic disorder" in DSM or "induced delusional disorder" in ICD-10 was branched off from FAD. However, several classical subcategories of FAD were not included in these recent definitions, the nosological significance of which should not be underestimated. We examined demographic data of FAD case reports published from the 19th to the 21st century and found that some of the earlier hypotheses, such as females being more susceptible, older and more intelligent individuals being more likely to be inducers, and sister-sister pairs being the most common relationship, were not supported. The controversial issue of the etiology of FAD-association of subjects or genetically driven psychosis-was re-examined in light of recent studies.

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Section: North Americamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Aporia Of Fad: Association Of the Subjects Or Genetically Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Demographic Characteristics Of Published Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Folie à Deux and shared psychotic disorder

Shimizu

Kubota²,

Toichi³

et al. 2007

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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“…A closely related problem, which has been fairly widely examined, is that of the psychoses of association, or folie à deux. A recent exhaustive study of the literature by Gralnick (1942) yielded 103 cases of "communicated" psychoses, most of them involving 2 persons, but in 7 instances implicating 4 or more patients. In the numerous papers on folie à deux and multiple psychoses which have been reported, little reference has been made to the emotional impact of knowledge of the presence of the psychoses in the family on the normal members.…”

Section: Report Of a Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Psychoneurotic Reaction to Multiple Psychoses Among Siblings

Feldman¹

1947

Arch NeurPsych

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NEW YORK THE CONCURRENCE of mental illness in two or more members of the same family has long posed a problem of concern to psychiatry. In an older era, this problem was investigated almost exclusively from the point of view of the psychoses. Studies of heredity and of folie \ l =a`\deux best exemplify this older vantage point. More recently, the intrafamily conflicts giving birth to the psychoneuroses have emerged into the sunlight of objective inquiry. Psychoses and psychoneuroses have rarely been considered together, however. This paper reports a family of which at least 4, and perhaps 6, members were psychotic and stresses the effect of this knowledge in causing a psychoneurosis in another sibling, a soldier. The relation of psychoses and psychoneuroses is discussed from the standpoint of nomenclature, traditions and basic conceptions. REPORT OF A CASEA soldier aged 28 was admitted to the psychiatric division of a convalescent hospital in April 1946, complaining of headaches and easy fatigability. The family history was notable in that the paternal grandmother died in a psychiatric hospital. The diagnosis was probably senile dementia, since the patient remembered that she had first been hospitalized in her eighties. A paternal uncle was also mentally ill for many years, was hospitalized several times and was described by the patient as "very wild-he was always escaping from institutions." The mother and father were described as nervous but otherwise well; apparently, the father, a shipyard worker, was able to maintain the family at a marginal or somewhat better economic level. The patient stated that his father had always seemed more antagonistic toward him than toward the other children, and he recalled a dramatic incident when he was 10 or 12 in which he knocked his father down and out.He described his father as a steady worker, but "a man whose temper seems to dominate him. I think he's a sick man, too." The relationship to the mother, a somewhat passive woman, was apparently not close. The parents were frequently in conflict, but never to the point of separation. The patient recalled frequent quarrels in the home and much protecting of the children on the part of the mother against the temper tantrums of the father. On the whole, he remembered the home as one in which some degree of affection was manifested by both parents toward all the children during their formative years.The patient had 11 siblings, 5 brothers and 6 sisters. Three sisters and 1 brother had been hospitalized with verified diagnoses of schizophrenia. One pair of twin sisters were hospitalized within six months of each other, at the age of 19; they were interned for a period of six months, in 1 case, and of twelve months, Formerly Captain Medical Corps, Army of the United States. Downloaded From: http://archneurpsyc.jamanetwork.com/ by a Monash University Library User on 06/04/2015

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Folie à Deux

Hubler¹

1980

Arch Dermatol

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Folie a deux-the psychosis of association

Cited by 35 publications

References 36 publications

Folie à Deux and shared psychotic disorder

Folie à Deux and shared psychotic disorder

Psychoneurotic Reaction to Multiple Psychoses Among Siblings

Folie à Deux

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