Follow-up after 5.5 years of treatment with methylphenidate for mental fatigue and cognitive function after a mild traumatic brain injury

Johansson, Birgitta; Andréll, Paulin; Rönnbäck, Lars; Mannheimer, Clas

doi:10.1080/02699052.2019.1683898

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Such findings are consistent with those of previous dMRI studies that revealed correlations between reduced WM integrity in these areas and relatively low PS [96][97][98][99]. In mTBI, lower PS has been reported as early as 1-month post-injury and has been documented to persist for up to 6 years post-injury [100][101][102][103]. Commonly, lower PS is coexistent with other mTBI-related symptoms like fatigue, anxiety, and attention deficits.…”

Section: Ps Deficitssupporting

confidence: 91%

Acute cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury predicts the occurrence of brain atrophy patterns similar to those observed in Alzheimer’s disease

Rostowsky

Irimia

2021

GeroScience

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Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are often followed by persistent structural brain alterations and by cognitive sequalae, including memory deficits, reduced neural processing speed, impaired social function, and decision-making difficulties. Although mild TBI (mTBI) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the extent to which these conditions share patterns of macroscale neurodegeneration has not been quantified. Comparing such patterns can not only reveal how the neurodegenerative trajectories of TBI and AD are similar, but may also identify brain atrophy features which can be leveraged to prognosticate AD risk after TBI. The primary aim of this study is to systematically map how TBI affects white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) properties in AD-analogous patterns. Our findings identify substantial similarities in the regional macroscale neurodegeneration patterns associated with mTBI and AD. In cerebral GM, such similarities are most extensive in brain areas involved in memory and executive function, such as the temporal poles and orbitofrontal cortices, respectively. Our results indicate that the spatial pattern of cerebral WM degradation observed in AD is broadly similar to the pattern of diffuse axonal injury observed in TBI, which frequently affects WM structures like the fornix, corpus callosum, and corona radiata. Using machine learning, we find that the severity of AD-like brain changes observed during the chronic stage of mTBI can be accurately prognosticated based on acute assessments of post-traumatic mild cognitive impairment. These findings suggest that acute post-traumatic cognitive impairment predicts the magnitude of AD-like brain atrophy, which is itself associated with AD risk.

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Section: Ps Deficitssupporting

confidence: 91%

Acute cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury predicts the occurrence of brain atrophy patterns similar to those observed in Alzheimer’s disease

Rostowsky

Irimia

2021

GeroScience

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“…Eight had been receiving stimulant medication for approximately 5-6 years but had not taken methylphenidate for four weeks prior to inclusion in this study. Their cognitive test results and rating on MFS had returned to baseline after four weeks without methylphenidate [32]. All mTBI participants had recovered well and were independent in their daily lives, with the exception of their prolonged mental fatigue.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Distractibility When Suffering from Mental Fatigue after a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Johansson¹

2021

physmedrehabilint

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Most Traumatic Brain Injuries are mild (mTBI) yet many people suffer from long-term mental fatigue and cognitive impairment. Despite comments from patients, cognitive difficulties can go undetected. Distractibility is commonly reported but is seldom included in standard neuropsychological assessment. This study was designed to investigate the effect distraction may induce in topdown and bottom-up attention among people who suffer from mental fatigue after mTBI. Thirty mTBI patients suffering from mental fatigue and 30 healthy controls performed a computerized test, including Simple Reaction Time, Choice Reaction Time and Attentional Capture tasks with a salient distractor. A slower processing speed was found in all subtests for the mTBI group and was particularly noticeable for the decision-making task. The distraction stimulus reduced processing speed for both groups, while the mTBI group made more omissions when a distractor emerged, indicating increased distractibility. However, no effect in top-down and bottom-up attention was found. Response time in the presence of a distractor was a predictor for mental fatigue, while depression and anxiety were not, showing the importance to carefully distinguish between emotional distress and mental fatigue. In conclusion, it is suggested that people suffering from mental fatigue after mTBI are slower at processing information, and this is more pronounced when a cognitive demand is added to the task. Distractibility was indicated with more omissions during distraction, but a distinction between top-down and bottom-up systems was not found. Further research is needed to better understand the link between distractibility and mental fatigue after a brain injury.

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“…By contrast, in two clinical trials amantadine had no effect on chronic cognitive dysfunction in patients with TBI [88]. Dextroamphetamine, a NE-DA reuptake inhibitor, showed no cognitive benefit in a randomized, placebo-controlled study [89], while methylphenidate promoted cognitive repair after TBI [90]. Chronic treatment with galantamine improved cognitive deficits after experimental TBI [91], but its therapeutic dose range was very narrow [92].…”

Section: Statinsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Metabolic disorders on cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury

Lai¹,

Shi²,

Lin³

et al. 2022

Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism

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Follow-up after 5.5 years of treatment with methylphenidate for mental fatigue and cognitive function after a mild traumatic brain injury

Abstract: View related articles View Crossmark data Citing articles: 1 View citing articles Follow-up after 5.5 years of treatment with methylphenidate for mental fatigue and cognitive function after a mild traumatic brain injury

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Acute cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury predicts the occurrence of brain atrophy patterns similar to those observed in Alzheimer’s disease

Acute cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury predicts the occurrence of brain atrophy patterns similar to those observed in Alzheimer’s disease

Distractibility When Suffering from Mental Fatigue after a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Metabolic disorders on cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury

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