Sowing is an important link in agricultural production and the basis for ensuring high yields and bumper harvests. Agriculture requires precision plows with good performance and stable work. However, the seeding process is in a completely closed state, and the operator relies mainly on experience to judge the operating state and performance of the plow. The purpose of this study is to analyse the analysis and research methods of the precision planter monitoring system based on mobile communication technology. In this study, a relatively advanced target detection algorithm based on prediction and mobile communication technology is adopted. The Kalman filter is applied to the precision planter monitoring tradition, in order to realise a more complete and customisable automatic monitoring system. The intelligent monitoring system and the corn precision planter can realise the stepless regulation of the planting spacing within 10–30 cm through the experimental design of three plant spacing parameter schemes of 10 , 20 and 30 cm. Its various operational performance indicators have met the standards stipulated by the state.