Font Size Matters—Emotion and Attention in Cortical Responses to Written Words

Bayer, Mareike; Sommer, Werner; Schacht, Annekathrin

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036042

Cited by 58 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In addition, the ERP effects of the font size and type for L1 and L2 words should be taken into consideration. In this regard, Bayer et al (2012) found that larger font size leads to an increase of early emotion effects in ERPs for written words. Font size of L1 and L2 words was well-controlled in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Neural Correlates of Task-Irrelevant First and Second Language Emotion Words – Evidence from the Emotional Face–Word Stroop Task

Fan

Wang

et al. 2016

Front. Psychol.

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Emotionally valenced words have thus far not been empirically examined in a bilingual population with the emotional face–word Stroop paradigm. Chinese-English bilinguals were asked to identify the facial expressions of emotion with their first (L1) or second (L2) language task-irrelevant emotion words superimposed on the face pictures. We attempted to examine how the emotional content of words modulated behavioral performance and cerebral functioning in the bilinguals’ two languages. The results indicated that there were significant congruency effects for both L1 and L2 emotion words, and that identifiable differences in the magnitude of the Stroop effect between the two languages were also observed, suggesting L1 is more capable of activating the emotional response to word stimuli. For event-related potentials data, an N350–550 effect was observed only in the L1 task with greater negativity for incongruent than congruent trials. The size of the N350–550 effect differed across languages, whereas no identifiable language distinction was observed in the effect of conflict slow potential (conflict SP). Finally, more pronounced negative amplitude at 230–330 ms was observed in L1 than in L2, but only for incongruent trials. This negativity, likened to an orthographic decoding N250, may reflect the extent of attention to emotion word processing at word-form level, while the N350–550 reflects a complicated set of processes in the conflict processing. Overall, the face–word congruency effect has reflected identifiable language distinction at 230–330 and 350-550 ms, which provides supporting evidence for the theoretical proposals assuming attenuated emotionality of L2 processing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Neural Correlates of Task-Irrelevant First and Second Language Emotion Words – Evidence from the Emotional Face–Word Stroop Task

Fan

Wang

et al. 2016

Front. Psychol.

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“…As forgas noted, emotions "appear to influence what we notice, what we learn, what we remember, and ultimately the kinds of judgments and decisions we make" [22, p. 273]. In the context of written communication, previous research has indicated that emotional stimuli in terms of emotion words or emotional framing of messages may elicit extensive cognitive processes such as attention (e.g., [7,40,62]). An increased level of cognitive involvement may in turn lead to a higher likelihood of behavioral response to emotional stimuli in terms information sharing (e.g., [31,47,56,58]).…”

Section: Influence Of Emotions On Information Sharingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that affective information could be transferred through computer-mediated communication (CMC) [29]. Results from studies on SNS, weblogs, discussion forums, online news portals, or other contexts indicated that the affective dimensions of messages (both positive and negative sentiment) could trigger more cognitive involvement in terms of attention (e.g., [7,40,62]) as well as higher levels of arousal (e.g., [8]), which in turn have an influence on feedback and reciprocity (e.g., [19,34,63]), participation (e.g., [38]), and social sharing behavior (e.g., [9]). …”

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confidence: 99%

Emotions and Information Diffusion in Social Media—Sentiment of Microblogs and Sharing Behavior

Stieglitz

Dang-Xuan

2013

Journal of Management Information Systems

1,266

835

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As a new communication paradigm, social media has promoted information dissemination in social networks. Previous research has identified several contentrelated features as well as user and network characteristics that may drive information diffusion. however, little research has focused on the relationship between emotions and information diffusion in a social media setting. In this paper, we examine whether sentiment occurring in social media content is associated with a user's information sharing behavior. We carry out our research in the context of political communication on twitter. Based on two data sets of more than 165,000 tweets in total, we find that emotionally charged twitter messages tend to be retweeted more often and more quickly compared to neutral ones. As a practical implication, companies should pay more attention to the analysis of sentiment related to their brands and products in social media communication as well as in designing advertising content that triggers emotions.

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“…In the context of written verbal communication, previous research has indicated that emotional stimuli in terms of emotion words or emotional framing of messages may elicit extensive cognitive processes such as attention (e.g. Smith & Petty 1996;Kissler et al 2007;Bayer et al 2012). A higher level of cognitive involvement may, in turn, lead to a higher likelihood of behavioral response to emotional stimuli in terms information sharing (e.g.…”

Section: Sentiment and Information Diffusion On Twittermentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of Influentials and the Role of Sentiment in Political Communication on Twitter During Election Periods

Dang-Xuan

Stieglitz

Wladarsch

et al. 2013

Information, Communication & Society

146

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In this paper, the authors investigate how Twitter is used for political communication during election periods with a specific focus on characteristics and communication behavior of influential accounts. Our analysis focuses on the state parliament election in Berlin (Germany) on 18 September 2011. Tweets of the top-30 most retweeted users are analyzed with respect to content-related features such as emotionality, appraisal of political parties or politicians, and topics. Furthermore, the authors test hypotheses regarding the relationship between sentiment in terms of emotionality and appraisals occurring in tweets and their quantity and speed of dissemination. Our work helps both researchers and politicians to better understand the nature of influentials in political communication and the role of sentiment in information diffusion on Twitter.has changed the physics of information diffusion which is no longer controlled by a small number of 'gatekeepers'. Given their tremendous growth, social media are recently increasingly used in a political context. It has been observed that in a very short time, politicians in modern democracies across the world have eagerly adopted social-media platforms seeing powerful new media in them which can be used for engaging their constituents, especially during election campaigns (Hong & Nadler 2011;Thimm et al. 2012). In this regard, US politicians are said to have a leading role with the most prominent example of Barack Obama who has successfully employed social media within the election campaigns both in 2008 and 2012. Furthermore, Twitter has become a legitimate and frequently used communication channel in the political arena for citizens (Tumasjan et al. 2011). With the unique feature of 'retweeting' as a simple yet powerful mechanism for information diffusion, Twitter is an ideal platform for any user to spread political information and opinions. Nevertheless, so-called political 'influentials' or opinion-makers exist who are said to have an impact on the political opinionmaking and agenda-setting processes as well as on communication behavior of other users. However, little research has been devoted to this group of influential users. Therefore, in this paper we seek to investigate how Twitter is used for political communication during election periods with specific focus on characteristics and communication behavior of influential accounts.Given the rapid growth of social media, people are enabled to express their opinions, appraisals, attitudes, and emotions -which are generally termed as sentiment (Pang & Lee 2008; Liu 2011) -more than ever on almost anything in forums, weblogs, social networks, and reviews. This applies particularly to political communication which is assumed to be of polarizing controversial nature. Yet it is unclear how sentiment might impact the dynamics of information in a social-media setting. Therefore, as another contribution, we aim at examining whether sentiment of political tweets -both in terms of emotionality and appraisal -have an influence...

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Font Size Matters—Emotion and Attention in Cortical Responses to Written Words

Cited by 58 publications

References 25 publications

Neural Correlates of Task-Irrelevant First and Second Language Emotion Words – Evidence from the Emotional Face–Word Stroop Task

Neural Correlates of Task-Irrelevant First and Second Language Emotion Words – Evidence from the Emotional Face–Word Stroop Task

Emotions and Information Diffusion in Social Media—Sentiment of Microblogs and Sharing Behavior

An Investigation of Influentials and the Role of Sentiment in Political Communication on Twitter During Election Periods

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