Fontanellar bone - A rarity in pediatric cranial abnormalities

Abstract

Background: Fontanelles, membranous gaps in the infant skull, are integral for accommodating the expansion of the skull by the growing brain postnatally. The anterior fontanelle, situated at the frontal-parietal bone intersection, typically closes gradually within the first two years. Fontanellar bone, an exceedingly rare ossification anomaly of the anterior fontanelle, clinically mimics craniosynostosis. Case Description: We present the case of a 22-day-old male with an almost closed anterior fontanelle who underwent evaluation. Prenatal and postnatal history were unremarkable. Physical examination revealed a well-nourished infant with a nearly closed fontanelle but no other anomalies. The initial diagnosis was craniosynostosis; however, a head computed tomography scan revealed fontanellar bone. Consequently, a conservative management approach with regular follow-ups was adopted. Conclusion: This case provides valuable insights into fontanellar bone, emphasizing its consideration in differential diagnoses for almost closed anterior fontanelles. The report aims to enhance awareness and understanding of this rare condition, promoting accurate diagnosis and optimal patient outcomes.