‘Food addiction’ and its association with a dopaminergic multilocus genetic profile

Davis, Caroline; Loxton, Natalie J.; Levitan, Robert D.; Kaplan, Allan S.; Carter, Jacqueline C.; Kennedy, James L.

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.05.014

Cited by 154 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Age of included participants ranged from four to ninety years. Fourteen studies included older adults aged >35 years [27,35,[37][38][39][44][45][46][49][50][51][52]56], ten studied younger adults aged from 18-35 years [11,26,[32][33][34]36,[40][41][42][43]47,53,54,57], and one studied children and adolescents <18 years [48]. Seven studies investigated a healthy weight population (18.5-25 [58].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mean symptoms: current BN 6.27 ± 1.04, remitted The weighted mean prevalence of FA across all studies was 19.9% ( Figure 2a) [26,27,32,[34][35][36][37]39,40,[43][44][45][46][47][49][50][51]53,56,57]. Prevalence of FA diagnosis was meta-analyzed by sex with a higher mean prevalence of FA in six samples of females exclusively of 12.2% [35,40,45,47,51,57] compared to 6.4% in four samples of males [45,47,51,57].…”

Section: Meule 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prevalence of FA diagnosis was meta-analyzed by sex with a higher mean prevalence of FA in six samples of females exclusively of 12.2% [35,40,45,47,51,57] compared to 6.4% in four samples of males [45,47,51,57]. When meta-analyzed by BMI category, the mean prevalence of FA was considerably greater at 24.9% in fourteen studies investigating overweight/obese individuals (Figure 2b) [27,[34][35][36][37][38][39][44][45][46][47]49,51,56,57] compared to 11.1% in six studies of healthy weight individuals (Figure 2c) [26,28,32,43,51,53]. The mean FA prevalence was lower in nine samples of adults younger than 35 years of age at 17.0% [26,32,34,36,40,43,47,53,57] compared to 22.2% in eleven samples of adults aged over 35 years [27,35,…”

Section: Meule 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When meta-analyzed by BMI category, the mean prevalence of FA was considerably greater at 24.9% in fourteen studies investigating overweight/obese individuals (Figure 2b) [27,[34][35][36][37][38][39][44][45][46][47]49,51,56,57] compared to 11.1% in six studies of healthy weight individuals (Figure 2c) [26,28,32,43,51,53]. The mean FA prevalence was lower in nine samples of adults younger than 35 years of age at 17.0% [26,32,34,36,40,43,47,53,57] compared to 22.2% in eleven samples of adults aged over 35 years [27,35,37,39,[44][45][46][49][50][51]56]. However, in one study reporting the outcomes of adults aged 62-88 years as well as adults aged 42-64 years, the prevalence of FA diagnosis was lower in the older age group (2.7% and 8.4% respectively) [35].…”

Section: Meule 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prevalence of food addiction as assessed by the Yale Food Addiction Scale: A systematic review

Pursey

Stanwell

Gearhardt

et al. 2014

Obesity Research & Clinical Practice

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Obesity is a global issue and it has been suggested that an addiction to certain foods could be a factor contributing to overeating and subsequent obesity. Only one tool, the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) has been developed to specifically assess food addiction. This review aimed to determine the prevalence of food addiction diagnosis and symptom scores, as assessed by the YFAS. Published studies to July 2014 were included if they reported the YFAS diagnosis or symptom score and were published in the English language. Twenty-five studies were identified including a total of 196,211 predominantly female, overweight/obese participants (60%). Using meta-analysis, the weighted mean prevalence of YFAS food addiction diagnosis was 19.9%. Food addiction (FA) diagnosis was found to be higher in adults aged >35 years, females, and overweight/obese participants. Additionally, YFAS diagnosis and symptom score was higher in clinical samples compared to non-clinical counterparts. YFAS outcomes were related to a range of other eating behavior measures and anthropometrics. Further research is required to explore YFAS outcomes across a broader spectrum of ages, other types of eating disorders and in conjunction with weight loss interventions to confirm the efficacy of the tool to assess for the presence of FA. OPEN ACCESSNutrients 2014, 6 4553

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Meule 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Meule 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Meule 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The prevalence of food addiction as assessed by the Yale Food Addiction Scale: A systematic review

Pursey

Stanwell

Gearhardt

et al. 2014

Obesity Research & Clinical Practice

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“…Indeed, a genetic profile involving several alleles has been implicated in mediating reward-responsive overeating [68]. Of particular interest is the Taq1 A1 allele, which is associated with increased reward sensitivity [69], palatable food preference [70], diminished striatal dopamine activity [71], and it is expressed in many individuals with SUDs and eating disorders [72].…”

Section: Food Addiction: Classic Substance Dependence?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroscience of Reward: Implications for Food Addiction and Nutrition Policy

Horman¹,

Leri²

2016

J Nutr Food Sci

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According to the World Health Organization, unhealthy diet is one key contributor to the development of noncommunicable diseases. The global response to this problem has primarily involved the implementation of nutritional policies intended on raising public awareness, and providing information through nutritional guidelines and product labels. However, there is experimental evidence suggesting that certain foods may promote addictive processes and consequent unhealthy dietary choices. This review discusses neurobiological mechanisms of reward involved in the consumption of refined sugars and fats, and the aforementioned indicators of their addictive characteristics. By acknowledging that these foods can act on brain reward systems to promote excessive or addictive consumption, policy makers may need to address issues of unhealthy diets by considering approaches that target availability, regulations within the food industry, taxation and advertising.

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Emerging Evidence of Addiction in Problematic Eating Behavior

Gearhardt

Murray

Avena

2015

Emerging Trends in the Social and Behavioral Sciences

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Obesity continues to be a pressing global health crisis with few nonsurgical means of long‐term successful treatment. In addition, in the last year, binge eating disorder (BED), which shares several behavioral characteristics with traditional substance use disorders, has been recognized in the DSM‐V as a distinct eating disorder diagnosis. In light of such trends, an emerging and controversial hypothesis is that an addictive response to certain types of foods may be contributing to eating‐related problems. If certain individuals are experiencing an addiction to highly palatable foods, the treatment and prevention of problematic eating may need to be altered in such circumstances. Further, if certain food (or ingredients in food) are identified as having an addictive potential, policy approaches employed to reduce the public health impact of other types of addictive substances (e.g., reducing advertising to minors, taxation) may be of use in the obesity epidemic. In the following piece, we will review the research linking addiction and eating, but most importantly, we will identify directions for future research in this relatively new field of study.

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‘Food addiction’ and its association with a dopaminergic multilocus genetic profile

Cited by 154 publications

References 55 publications

The prevalence of food addiction as assessed by the Yale Food Addiction Scale: A systematic review

The prevalence of food addiction as assessed by the Yale Food Addiction Scale: A systematic review

Neuroscience of Reward: Implications for Food Addiction and Nutrition Policy

Emerging Evidence of Addiction in Problematic Eating Behavior

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