Food addiction and mental health in adolescents: a systematic review

Skinner, Janelle; Jebeile, Hiba; Burrows, Tracy

doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(21)00126-7

Cited by 27 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…All the included studies used the YFAS to assess addictive eating and provide a ‘FA diagnosis’. The prevalence of FA found across studies was similar to that found in other systematic reviews [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], with higher prevalence in individuals with higher weight status and in those with mental health comorbidities. It must be noted that not all individuals with addictive eating behaviours will meet the criteria for “food addiction” due to the self-perceived nature of the clinical impairment or distress criterion required for a YFAS FA diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The term “food addiction” has been used to describe certain eating patterns that resemble addictive-related disorders and has frequently been operationalized using the DSM criteria for substance use disorders [ 1 ]. Existing FA research has predominantly focused on the prevalence in different population groups including adults and adolescents using self-report tools [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. However, there is increasing interest in the individual foods and dietary profiles associated with addictive eating [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Addictive Eating and Dietary Intake: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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(1) Background: Research suggests that certain foods may have addictive effects; however, no reviews have systematically appraised studies in this area. The aims of this review were to determine the nutrients, foods and dietary patterns associated with addictive eating. (2) Methods: Published studies up to November 2020 were identified through searches of 6 electronic databases. Eligible studies included those in in children and adults that reported dietary intakes of individuals with ‘food addiction’. (3) Results: Fifteen studies (n = 12 in adults and n = 3 in children/adolescents with Yale Food Addiction Scale defined ‘food addiction’) were included. Foods commonly associated with addictive eating were those high in a combination of fat and refined carbohydrates. Generally, intakes of energy, carbohydrates and fats were significantly higher in individuals with addictive eating compared to those without. (4) Conclusions: Due to the heterogeneity in study methodologies and outcomes across included studies, it is difficult to conclude if any specific foods, nutrients or dietary patterns facilitate an addictive process. Further research is needed to elucidate potential associations. However, present addictive eating treatment approaches could incorporate individualised dietary advice targeting foods high in fat and refined carbohydrates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Addictive Eating and Dietary Intake: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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“…However, with the explosive increase over the years in the number of studies evaluating FA using YFAS, in several contexts, and around the globe, no systematic review has been proposed to comprehensively assess this topic since the publication of Pursey et al (2014). The most current systematic reviews are aimed at specific population groups (Skinner et al, 2021;Yekaninejad et al, 2021), specific clinical contexts (Burrows et al, 2018;Leary et al, 2021), with data from only one of the YFAS versions (Oliveira et al, 2021) or just intended to explore the construct of FA (Penzenstadler et al, 2019). Thus, this study aims to determine, through a systematic review with meta-analysis, the prevalence of FA using the YFAS and its derivatives exploring possible factors associated with the prevalence of FA in several contexts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of food addiction determined by the Yale Food Addiction Scale and associated factors: A systematic review with meta‐analysis

Praxedes

Júnior

Macêna

et al. 2021

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Objective: To determine, through a systematic review with meta-analysis, the prevalence of food addiction (FA) using the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) and its derivatives exploring possible factors associated with the prevalence of FA in several contexts. Methods:The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, LILACS, PsycArticles, CENTRAL, Greylit.org, and OpenGrey.eu. Studies that assessed FA using YFAS were included. Two independent reviewers assessed the eligibility of each report. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate the weighted prevalence of FA. Subgroup analyses and metaregression were conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity. Results: Of the 6425 abstracts reviewed, 272 studies were included. The weighted mean prevalence of FA diagnosis was 20% (95% CI: 18%; 21%). The prevalence of FA was higher in individuals with clinical diagnosis of binge eating (55%; 95% CI 34%; 75%). The prevalence in clinical samples was higher compared to non-clinical samples. Two studies included children only and no studies included only elderly people.Conclusions: Food addiction is a topic in which there has been a significant growth in studies. The highest prevalence was found in the group of

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“…Children with a parental history of problematic substance use may be particularly vulnerable to developing food addiction especially in combination with a food environment where highly rewarding HP foods are cheap, accessible, and heavily marketed (Moodie et al, 2013). Like adults, children can exhibit signs of food addiction, which is associated with poorer mental and physical health (Skinner et al, 2021), and recent estimates of food addiction in children and adolescence are comparable to rates seen in adults (15%; Yekaninejad et al, 2021). Investigating whether a parental history of problematic substance use is associated food addiction in children is an important next step and may be important in informing prevention efforts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurrence of food addiction, obesity, problematic substance use, and parental history of problematic alcohol use.

Hoover¹,

Yu²,

Cummings³

et al. 2023

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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Objective: The present study investigates the rates of co-occurrence among food addiction (FA), problematic substance use (alcohol, cannabis, cigarettes, nicotine vaping), parental history of problematic alcohol use, and obesity as an important step to understanding whether an addictive-like eating phenotype exists. Method: A community sample of 357 U.S. adults (49.7% male, 77.6% White, M age 40.7) completed the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS2.0), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, the E-Cigarette Dependence Scale, the Family Tree Questionnaire, and demographic/self-report body mass index questions through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Risk ratios (RRs; unadjusted and adjusted for sociodemographic covariates) were calculated using modified Poisson's regression. Results: Risk of FA was higher in participants with problematic alcohol use (RR = 2.13, 99% CI [1.32, 3.45]), smoking (RR = 1.86, 99% CI [0.82, 3.36]), cannabis use (unadjusted; RR = 2.22, 99% CI [1.17, 4.18]), vaping (RR = 2.71, 99% CI [1.75, 4.21]), and parental history of problematic alcohol use (RR = 2.35, 99% CI [1.46, 3.79]). Risk of FA in participants with obesity was only higher in adjusted models (RR = 1.87, 99% CI [1.06, 3.27]). Obesity was not significantly associated with problematic substance use and parental history of problematic alcohol use. Conclusions: FA, but not obesity, co-occurred with problematic substance use and a parental history of problematic alcohol use. Results support the conceptualization of FA as an addictive disorder. The inclusion of FA as an addictive disorder in diagnostic frameworks is an important area of future consideration. Public Health Significance StatementThe co-occurrence between food addiction and problematic substance use detected in this study indicates that treatment approaches may need to simultaneously consider addictive eating and problematic substance use. Parental history of problematic alcohol use appears to be a risk factor for addictive eating and may identify individuals for targeted prevention efforts. Public health approaches that have successfully reduced the negative impact of other addictive substances (e.g., marketing restrictions, taxation) may be important to consider for highly processed foods.

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Food addiction and mental health in adolescents: a systematic review

Cited by 27 publications

References 65 publications

The Relationship between Addictive Eating and Dietary Intake: A Systematic Review

The Relationship between Addictive Eating and Dietary Intake: A Systematic Review

Prevalence of food addiction determined by the Yale Food Addiction Scale and associated factors: A systematic review with meta‐analysis

Co-occurrence of food addiction, obesity, problematic substance use, and parental history of problematic alcohol use.

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