Food additive sodium bisulfite induces intracellular imbalance of biothiols levels in NCM460 colonic cells to trigger intestinal inflammation in mice

Wu, Wei; Fu, Gaoqing; Xuan, Rongrong; Zhai, Leilei; Lu, Yujia; Tang, Min; Liu, Jingwangwei; Zhang, Chundan; Chen, Haimin; Wang, Feng

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.01.019

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Seven out of the 21 examined studies reported data on intracellular ROS formation following exposure to sulfur dioxide derivatives (Table 16). In two studies, the lowest‐observed‐adverse‐effect concentration (LOAEC) identified by the Panel was 5 μM (Zhang et al., 2004) and 10 μM (Wu et al., 2022), respectively. However, in other cell models, increased ROS could be measured only when sulfur dioxide derivative concentrations were above 100 μM.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in other cell models, increased ROS could be measured only when sulfur dioxide derivative concentrations were above 100 μM. In some of the studies, the authors reported evidence of ROS‐dependent secondary effects, such as increases in malondialdehyde and glutathione oxidation (Wu et al., 2022) or inhibition of redox‐sensing enzymes (Grings et al., 2013). The Panel noted that the wide range of LOAEC, values in different target cells may be due to both different responses by different cell types and different experimental conditions of incubation.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten studies reported data on the effect of sulfite on cell viability (Table 17). In two studies (Li and Sang, 2009; Wu et al., 2022), using different models, the Panel identified a LOAEC of 10 μM. In three other studies the Panel identified LOAEC values were between 30–100 μM, whereas five studies with other cell models, including neurons, described cytotoxicity effects at concentrations ranging 300–4,000 μM.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Follow‐up of the re‐evaluation of sulfur dioxide (E 220), sodium sulfite (E 221), sodium bisulfite (E 222), sodium metabisulfite (E 223), potassium metabisulfite (E 224), calcium sulfite (E 226), calcium bisulfite (E 227) and potassium bisulfite (E 228)

Younes¹,

Aquilina²,

Castle³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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Sulfur dioxide–sulfites (E 220–228) were re‐evaluated in 2016, resulting in the setting of a temporary ADI of 0.7 mg SO2 equivalents/kg bw per day. Following a European Commission call for data, the present follow‐up opinion assesses data provided by interested business operators (IBOs) and additional evidence identified in the publicly available literature. No new biological or toxicological data addressing the data gaps described in the re‐evaluation were submitted by IBOs. Taking into account data identified from the literature search, the Panel concluded that there was no substantial reduction in the uncertainties previously identified in the re‐evaluation. Therefore, the Panel considered that the available toxicity database was inadequate to derive an ADI and withdrew the current temporary group acceptable daily intake (ADI). A margin of exposure (MOE) approach was considered appropriate to assess the risk for these food additives. A lower confidence limit of the benchmark dose of 38 mg SO2 equivalents/kg bw per day, which is lower than the previous reference point of 70 mg SO2 equivalents/kg bw per day, was estimated based on prolonged visual evoked potential latency. An assessment factor of 80 was applied for the assessment of the MoE. At the estimated dietary exposures, when using a refined exposure scenario (Data set D), MOEs at the maximum of 95th percentile ranges were below 80 for all population groups except for adolescents. The dietary exposures estimated using the maximum permitted levels would result in MOEs below 80 in all population groups at the maximum of the ranges of the mean, and for most of the population groups at both minimum and maximum of the ranges at the 95th percentile. The Panel concluded that this raises a safety concern for both dietary exposure scenarios. The Panel also performed a risk assessment for toxic elements present in sulfur dioxide–sulfites (E 220–228), based on data submitted by IBOs, and concluded that the maximum limits in the EU specifications for arsenic, lead and mercury should be lowered and a maximum limit for cadmium should be introduced.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Follow‐up of the re‐evaluation of sulfur dioxide (E 220), sodium sulfite (E 221), sodium bisulfite (E 222), sodium metabisulfite (E 223), potassium metabisulfite (E 224), calcium sulfite (E 226), calcium bisulfite (E 227) and potassium bisulfite (E 228)

Younes¹,

Aquilina²,

Castle³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sulfite concentration can serve as an important indicator for evaluating sulfur nutrition levels in food crops. On the other hand, sulfites are extensively used as additives in food products to prevent microbial spoiling, oxidation, and browning reactions during food production and storage [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. However, excessive sulfites in food can cause irreversible damage to cells and tissues in consumers’ bodies, which leads to many diseases such as respiratory diseases, allergic reactions, cardiovascular diseases, asthmatic reactions, and even lung cancer [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of a Colorimetric and Near-Infrared Ratiometric Fluorescent Sensor and Portable Sensing System for On-Site Quantitative Measurement of Sulfite in Food

Chen,

Zhao,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Foods

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Sulfites play imperative roles in food crops and food products, serving as sulfur nutrients for food crops and as food additives in various foods. It is necessary to develop an effective method for the on-site quantification of sulfites in food samples. Here, 7-(diethylamino) quinoline is used as a fluorescent group and electron donor, alongside the pyridinium salt group as an electron acceptor and the C=C bond as the sulfite-specific recognition group. We present a novel fluorescent sensor based on a mechanism that modulates the efficiency of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), CY, for on-site quantitative measurement of sulfite in food. The fluorescent sensor itself exhibited fluorescence in the near-infrared light (NIR) region, effectively minimizing the interference of background fluorescence in food samples. Upon exposure to sulfite, the sensor CY displayed a ratiometric fluorescence response (I447/I692) with a high sensitivity (LOD = 0.061 μM), enabling accurate quantitative measurements in complex food environments. Moreover, sensor CY also displayed a colorimetric response to sulfite, making sensor CY measure sulfite in both fluorescence and colorimetric dual-signal modes. Sensor CY has been utilized for quantitatively measuring sulfite in red wine and sugar with recoveries between 99.65% and 101.90%, and the RSD was below 4.0%. The sulfite concentrations in live cells and zebrafish were also monitored via fluorescence imaging. Moreover, the sulfite assimilated by lettuce leaves was monitored, and the results demonstrated that excessive sulfite in leaf tissue could lead to leaf tissue damage. In addition, the sulfate-transformed sulfite in lettuce stem tissue was tracked, providing valuable insights for evaluating sulfur nutrients in food crops. More importantly, to accomplish the on-site quantitative measurement of sulfite in food samples, a portable sensing system was prepared. Sensor CY and the portable sensing system were successfully used for the on-site quantitative measurement of sulfite in food.

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Homocysteine Promotes Intestinal Inflammation in Colitis Mice Through the PGE2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway

Shao,

Zhao,

Chen

2024

Dig Dis Sci

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Background Our previous study indicated that Hcy exacerbated DSS-induced colitis by facilitating the differentiation of intestinal T helper cell 17 (Th17), but the precise mechanism remains unidentified. Therefore, our current research aims to elucidate the signaling pathway through which Hcy promotes the differentiation of Th17 cells. Methods BALb/c mice were randomly assigned into six groups. The model of mice colitis was induced using 3% DSS, while the model of Hyperhomocysteinemia was induced using 1.7% methionine. The concentrations of Hcy and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expressions of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), phosphorylated-cPLA2 (p-cPLA2), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), phosphorylated-STAT3 (p-STAT3), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), and retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor-γt (RORγt) were assessed using western blot analysis. Results Compared to the DSS + HHcy group, the addition of the COX inhibitor did not significantly alter the protein expression of p-PLA2/PLA2, but led to significant decreases in serum PGE2 concentration, cAMP, and p-STAT3/STAT3 protein expression. The protein expressions of p-PLA2/PLA2, COX2, and cAMP upstream of STAT3 inhibitor addition did not exhibit significant changes. However, PGE2 concentration and p-STAT3/STAT3 protein expression were notably reduced. After the COX inhibitor and STAT3 inhibitor added, the protein expression of IL-17A and RORγt and the levels of IL-17A and IL-23R in CD4 + T cells were significantly reduced. Conclusion HHcy aggravated DSS-induced colitis by promoting the differentiation and proliferation of Th17 cells through the PGE2 / STAT3 signaling pathway.

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Food additive sodium bisulfite induces intracellular imbalance of biothiols levels in NCM460 colonic cells to trigger intestinal inflammation in mice

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Follow‐up of the re‐evaluation of sulfur dioxide (E 220), sodium sulfite (E 221), sodium bisulfite (E 222), sodium metabisulfite (E 223), potassium metabisulfite (E 224), calcium sulfite (E 226), calcium bisulfite (E 227) and potassium bisulfite (E 228)

Follow‐up of the re‐evaluation of sulfur dioxide (E 220), sodium sulfite (E 221), sodium bisulfite (E 222), sodium metabisulfite (E 223), potassium metabisulfite (E 224), calcium sulfite (E 226), calcium bisulfite (E 227) and potassium bisulfite (E 228)

Construction of a Colorimetric and Near-Infrared Ratiometric Fluorescent Sensor and Portable Sensing System for On-Site Quantitative Measurement of Sulfite in Food

Homocysteine Promotes Intestinal Inflammation in Colitis Mice Through the PGE2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway

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