Food cues and ghrelin recruit the same neuronal circuitry

Plasse, G; Merkestein, Myrte; Luijendijk, Mieneke C. M.; Roest, Manon van; Westenberg, H.G.M.; Mulder, AB; Adan, Roger A.H.

doi:10.1038/ijo.2012.174

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…A previous study has identified ghrelin signaling within the medial hypothalamus as a potential node in the network that regulates FAA. 61 In agreement with this, GHS-R1a knockdown induced a reduction in FAA amplitude in the DMH, and a delay in onset of FAA in VMH as well as DMH. Together, this implicates mediobasal hypothalamic GHS-R1a signaling as an important part of the network that regulates FAA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

GHS-R1a signaling in the DMH and VMH contributes to food anticipatory activity

et al. 2013

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

GHS-R1a signaling in the DMH and VMH contributes to food anticipatory activity

et al. 2013

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“…“Hedonic overdrive” has been recently proposed as an explanation for overeating in humans (Cohen, 2008 ; Berridge and Kringelbach, 2011 ; van der Plasse et al, 2013 ). Briefly, the high reward salience of certain foods leads to their consumption even in states of satiety and/or sufficient energy reserves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered motivation masks appetitive learning potential of obese mice

Harb

Almeida

2014

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Eating depends strongly on learning processes which, in turn, depend on motivation. Conditioned learning, where individuals associate environmental cues with receipt of a reward, forms an important part of hedonic mechanisms; the latter contribute to the development of human overweight and obesity by driving excessive eating in what may become a vicious cycle. Although mice are commonly used to explore the regulation of human appetite, it is not known whether their conditioned learning of food rewards varies as a function of body mass. To address this, groups of adult male mice of differing body weights were tested two appetitive conditioning paradigms (pavlovian and operant) as well as in food retrieval and hedonic preference tests in an attempt to dissect the respective roles of learning/motivation and energy state in the regulation of feeding behavior. We found that (i) the rate of pavlovian conditioning to an appetitive reward develops as an inverse function of body weight; (ii) higher body weight associates with increased latency to collect food reward; and (iii) mice with lower body weights are more motivated to work for a food reward, as compared to animals with higher body weights. Interestingly, as compared to controls, overweight and obese mice consumed smaller amounts of palatable foods (isocaloric milk or sucrose, in either the presence or absence of their respective maintenance diets: standard, low fat-high carbohydrate or high fat-high carbohydrate). Notably, however, all groups adjusted their consumption of the different food types, such that their body weight-corrected daily intake of calories remained constant. Thus, overeating in mice does not reflect a reward deficiency syndrome and, in contrast to humans, mice regulate their caloric intake according to metabolic status rather than to the hedonic properties of a particular food. Together, these observations demonstrate that excess weight masks the capacity for appetitive learning in the mouse.

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“…In vitro experiments in mice have demonstrated that ghrelin appears to work as an output of a FEO that is located in the oxyntic cells of the stomach (LeSauter et al 2009, Laermans et al 2015. Furthermore, FAA is significantly reduced in rodents that lack ghrelin receptors (LeSauter et al 2009), and systemic administration of ghrelin activates a subset of specific neurons in the medial hypothalamus during FAA ( Van der Plasse et al 2013). Ghrelin also induces phase advances in the electrical activity of neurons in mouse SCN explants and promotes a phase advance in the rhythm of per2 expression, suggesting that it affects the SCN clockwork (Yannielli et al 2007).…”

Section: Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between the endocrine and circadian systems in fishes

Isorna

Pedro

Valenciano

et al. 2017

Journal of Endocrinology

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The circadian system is responsible for the temporal organisation of physiological functions which, in part, involves daily cycles of hormonal activity. In this review, we analyse the interplay between the circadian and endocrine systems in fishes. We first describe the current model of fish circadian system organisation and the basis of the molecular clockwork that enables different tissues to act as internal pacemakers. This system consists of a net of central and peripherally located oscillators and can be synchronised by the light-darkness and feeding-fasting cycles. We then focus on two central neuroendocrine transducers (melatonin and orexin) and three peripheral hormones (leptin, ghrelin and cortisol), which are involved in the synchronisation of the circadian system in mammals and/or energy status signalling. We review the role of each of these as overt rhythms (i.e. outputs of the circadian system) and, for the first time, as key internal temporal messengers that act as inputs for other endogenous oscillators. Based on acute changes in clock gene expression, we describe the currently accepted model of endogenous oscillator entrainment by the light-darkness cycle and propose a new model for non-photic (endocrine) entrainment, highlighting the importance of the bidirectional cross-talking between the endocrine and circadian systems in fishes. The flexibility of the fish circadian system combined with the absence of a master clock makes these vertebrates a very attractive model for studying communication among oscillators to drive functionally coordinated outputs.

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Food cues and ghrelin recruit the same neuronal circuitry

Abstract: This study reveals a role for ghrelin, but not leptin, signaling within medial hypothalamus in FAA on both a population level and in single cells, identifying a subset of neurons onto which cue information and ghrelin signaling converge, possibly to drive FAA.

Cited by 21 publications

References 62 publications

GHS-R1a signaling in the DMH and VMH contributes to food anticipatory activity

GHS-R1a signaling in the DMH and VMH contributes to food anticipatory activity

Altered motivation masks appetitive learning potential of obese mice

Interplay between the endocrine and circadian systems in fishes

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