Food Habits of the Lanthernfish Benthosema pterotum in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea.

Ishihara, S.; Kubota, Tadashi

doi:10.2331/suisan.63.522

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Daytime habitat depth of adult B. pterotum is mainly 40-90 m, which is a markedly shallower depth than previous reports for adult B. pterotum and the other pseudoceanic myctophids Dypvik & Kaartvedt, 2013). Benthosema pterotum feed on small crustaceans such as copepods, euphausiids and ostracods (Ishihara & Kubota, 1997), and form a major prey item for both pelagic and demersal fish, including many commercially important species (Mio et al, 1984;Yamada et al, 2007;Jiang et al, 2012Jiang et al, , 2013. Benthosema pterotum feed on small crustaceans such as copepods, euphausiids and ostracods (Ishihara & Kubota, 1997), and form a major prey item for both pelagic and demersal fish, including many commercially important species (Mio et al, 1984;Yamada et al, 2007;Jiang et al, 2012Jiang et al, , 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In the ECS they occur in the epipelagic layer at night, and migrate down to the benthopelagic layer during the daytime to form dense aggregations (Yamada et al, 2007;Sassa et al, 2010). Morphology, distribution, feeding and reproduction of B. pterotum in the ECS have been studied (Ozawa & Peñaflor, 1990;Ishihara et al, 1995;Ishihara & Kubota, 1997;Sassa et al, 2010Sassa et al, , 2014a, but study of the early life history, which is essential for understanding the population dynamics of this species, has been limited in the ECS. Therefore, this species is a key species in the ECS, acting as an important link between secondary producers and upper trophic levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, hatch-date, growth, and mortality of larval Benthosema pterotum (Pisces: Myctophidae) in the shelf region of the East China Sea

2014

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We examined the distribution, hatch-date, growth, and mortality of larval Benthosema pterotum, a dominant pseudoceanic myctophid in the shelf region of the East China Sea, during early autumn when the main spawning has been predicted. This species is a key species in the food web of this area. Larvae were abundant in the area south of Cheju Island (60-80 m depth), corresponding with the adult habitat. Occurrence of the larvae was restricted to the onshore side of the shelf-break salinity front, indicating that this front acted as a barrier restricting the offshore dispersion of the larvae. In the area where the larvae occurred, a cyclonic eddy is formed, which is considered to limit the dispersal of the larvae, enabling them to recruit into the area of adult habitat. Modes of hatch-date appeared from late August to early September and from mid to late September, suggesting that large-scale spawning events occurred at least twice during the spawning season. Since the modes coincided with the new moon period, B. pterotum is suggested to spawn periodically once a month around the new moon, resulting in efficient mating and fertilization. Mean absolute growth rate (0.26 mm d 21 ) and weight-specific growth rate (18.8% of dry body weight d 21 ) were higher than previously reported values of other subtropical-tropical myctophids, which would be related to the high food availability in the study area. Daily instantaneous mortality coefficient during the first two weeks after hatching was estimated to be 0.28 d 21 (equivalent to 24.7% mortality d 21 ).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, hatch-date, growth, and mortality of larval Benthosema pterotum (Pisces: Myctophidae) in the shelf region of the East China Sea

2014

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“…Average body length of B. pterotum during each season was estimated from the mean body weight using the following relationship (Ishihara et al 1995): y = 0.0058645 x 3.2304 (r 2 = 0.978), where y is body weight (mg) and x is SL (mm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). In late summer when the low-salinity water (< 32) extended eastward from the Changjiang River mouth to 233 (Ishihara et al 1995) is also shown (s in c). Error bars represent SE 125°30' E, the western side of distribution of B. pterotum slightly shifted east compared to other seasons in the NECS (Fig.…”

Section: Horizontal Distribution Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal distribution and biomass of Benthosema pterotum (Pisces: Myctophidae) in the shelf region of the East China Sea

Sassa¹,

Tsukamoto²,

Yamamoto³

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We examined the spatio-temporal distribution and biomass of Benthosema pterotum, a dominant mesopelagic-boundary myctophid in the shelf region of the East China Sea, based on data from seasonal bottom-trawl surveys. They are a major prey item for commercially important demersal fishes in this area. A total of 980 000 individuals with a wet weight of 554 kg were collected from 694 bottom-trawl net samples. Dense distributions (>10 5 ind. km -2) of B. pterotum were observed mainly in the area south of Cheju Island in all seasons, where a persistent cyclonic eddy occurs. The distribution pattern indicated the presence of an independent population completing their life cycle in the area south of Cheju Island. Daytime habitat depth of B. pterotum (mainly 40 to 90 m depth) was a markedly shallower depth than previous reports for adult fishes for the family Myctophidae. The mechanism of population maintenance of this mesopelagic species in such a shallow area was hypothesized to be related to the presence of highly turbid waters in the benthopelagic layer, which produces dim light conditions during the daytime. The biomass of B. pterotum in the area south of Cheju Island was estimated to range from 3900 to 38 400 t.KEY WORDS: Population maintenance · Mesopelagic-boundary myctophid · Benthosema pterotum · Biomass · Highly turbid waters · Continental shelf region · Mesopelagic species Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 407: [227][228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236][237][238][239][240][241] 2010 The biomass of myctophids was shown to influence the population dynamics of demersal fishes in the continental slope off northern Japan (Yamamura & Inada 2001).Benthosema pterotum is a typical mesopelagicboundary myctophid, widely distributed in the subtropical-tropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific, especially over or near the continental shelves (Gjøsaeter 1984, Valinassab et al. 2007, Yamada et al. 2007). They are small-sized, with a maximum body size of ca. 55 mm standard length (SL), and have a life cycle of 1 yr (Gjøsaeter 1984, Dalpadado 1988). An extremely large biomass of B. pterotum (ca. 100 million t) was estimated in the Arabian Sea, and attempts were made to evaluate its potential as a fisheries resource (Gjøsaeter 1984, Valinassab et al. 2007). This species is one of the most abundant myctophids in the East China Sea (ECS), one of the largest marginal seas of the western Pacific, including important fishing grounds for various pelagic and demersal fishes (Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute 2001, Yamada et al. 2007).In the ECS, Benthosema pterotum occur in the epipelagic layer during the larval stage (Ozawa 1986, C. Sassa unpubl. data). Transformation to the juvenile stage begins at ca. 12 to 13 mm SL, after which they start diel vertical migrations (Gjøsaeter 1984, Ozawa 1986. The juveniles and adults occur in the epipelagic layer at night, and descend to the benthopelagic layer of the continental shelf (< 200 m depth) dur...

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“…These myctophids feed on zooplankton (e.g. copepods, euphausiids, ostracods, and chaetognaths) and, in turn, represent a major food resource for deep water and pelagic fish, thus acting as an important link between secondary producers and upper trophic levels (Hussain, 1992;Ishihara and Kubota, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lantern fish (Benthosema pterotum) resources as a target for commercial exploitation in the Oman Sea

Valinassab¹,

Pierce

Johannesson

2007

J Appl Ichthyol

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Summary The skinnycheek lantern fish Benthosema pterotum (Myctophidae) represents a virgin resource in the Oman Sea. Because of its potential importance for fishmeal production there has been great interest during the last decade in starting commercial exploitation. Acoustic surveys to estimate stock biomass and trial fishing using pelagic trawls were carried out in Iranian waters of the Oman Sea from 1992 to 1998. Lantern fish schools are found in offshore waters, on the edge of the continental shelf wherever sea depth is more than 100 m. During the day the fish occur in two vertical layers, with the densest schools in the shallower layer (80–130 m), whereas at night B. pterotum occur in a single dispersed layer closer to the surface (mainly at 30–70 m). Biomass estimates range from 1 to 4 million tonnes (t), with an average of 2.3 million t. Densities vary seasonally, with the highest densities recorded in spring (May–June) and lowest in autumn (October–November). The highest densities were seen in the western Oman Sea. Although recommendations can be made with regard to the best fishing seasons, areas and depths, trial catch rates were too low (<30 t daily per boat) to support a commercially viable fishery. Further trials are needed to identify the best gear and vessel size.

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Food Habits of the Lanthernfish Benthosema pterotum in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea.

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Distribution, hatch-date, growth, and mortality of larval Benthosema pterotum (Pisces: Myctophidae) in the shelf region of the East China Sea

Distribution, hatch-date, growth, and mortality of larval Benthosema pterotum (Pisces: Myctophidae) in the shelf region of the East China Sea

Spatio-temporal distribution and biomass of Benthosema pterotum (Pisces: Myctophidae) in the shelf region of the East China Sea

Lantern fish (Benthosema pterotum) resources as a target for commercial exploitation in the Oman Sea

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