Food Insecurity Is Associated with Increased Risk of Obesity in California Women

Adams, Elizabeth; Grummer‐Strawn, Laurence M.; Chávez, Gilberto

doi:10.1093/jn/133.4.1070

Cited by 362 publications

(256 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The difference is particularly accentuated between the wealth quintiles, with the poorest quintile having 10 percentage points higher prevalence of moderate or severe [33], overweight and obese Indian women are less likely of being severely or moderately anaemic than Indian women with a normal BMI. A similar trend was observed in a smaller study using a previous NFHS dataset [34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Addressing Female Iron-Deficiency Anaemia in India: Is Vegetarianism the Major Obstacle?

Rammohan¹,

Awofeso²,

Robitaille³

2012

ISRN Public Health

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Objectives. We examined the influence of vegetarian diet on the risk of developing anaemia among Indian women and suggest initiatives for addressing diet-related iron-deficiency anaemia. Methods. We analysed data on diet, social class, and haemoglobin levels from the nationally representative Indian National Family and Health Survey 2005/06 for a sample of 81,301 women aged 15-49 years using logistic regression models. Results. After controlling for individual-level factors and household level socioeconomic characteristics, daily consumption of meat, fish, and eggs was associated with lower odds of being moderately or severely anaemic. Our analysis also revealed that economic characteristics such as being from higher wealth quintiles, being in paid employment, and rural residence reduced the odds of having iron-deficiency anaemia among Indian women. Discussion. As a large proportion of Indians subsist on iron-poor vegetarian diets for religious, economic, and cultural reasons, large-scale iron supplementation and fortification of commonly consumed vegetarian foodstuffs constitute a feasible, culturally appropriate, and cost-effective strategy for addressing this major public health problem. Consumption of cheap iron-rich foodstuffs should be promoted. Effective poverty alleviation and hookworm prevention programs are also important. Large-scale cohort and intervention studies are urgently required to further define the influence of vegetarianism on iron deficiency anaemia in India.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Addressing Female Iron-Deficiency Anaemia in India: Is Vegetarianism the Major Obstacle?

Rammohan¹,

Awofeso²,

Robitaille³

2012

ISRN Public Health

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“…be associated with overweight (based on BMI) among adolescents and adults in both developed (29,30) and developing countries (31)(32)(33) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between household food access insecurity and nutritional status indicators among children aged <5 years in Nepal: results from a national, cross-sectional household survey

Sreeramareddy

Ramakrishnareddy

Subramaniam

2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the association between household food insecurity score and Z-scores of childhood nutritional status indicators. Design: Population-based, cross-sectional survey, Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Setting: A nationally representative sample of 11 085 households selected by a two-stage, stratified cluster sampling design to interview eligible men and women. Subjects: Children (n 2591) aged 0-60 months in a sub-sample of households selected for men's interview. Results: Prevalence of moderate and severe household food insecurity was 23·2 % and 19·0 %, respectively, for children aged 0-60 months. Weighted prevalence rates for stunting (height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) <−2), wasting (weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) <−2) and underweight (weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) <−2) were 41·6 % (95 % CI 38·9, 44·3 %), 11·5 % (95 % CI 9·8, 13·2 %) and 30·1 % (95 % CI 27·5, 32·8 %), respectively. Prevalences of stunting, severe stunting (HAZ <−3) and underweight by level of household food insecurity were statistically significant (P < 0·001). By multiple linear regression analyses and after adjustment for sociodemographic, child and environmental factors, household food access insecurity score was associated with HAZ (β = − 0·02, P = 0·01) and WAZ (β = − 0·01, P = 0·01) but was not associated with WHZ and BMI-for-age Z-score. A 10-point increase in household food access insecurity score was associated with a decrease in HAZ of 0·2 (95 % CI 0·05, 0·39) and decrease in WAZ of 0·1 (95 % CI 0·03, 0·27). Conclusions: Our results from a nationally representative sample confirm the previously reported association of household food insecurity with stunting and underweight. Community nutrition interventions may use household food insecurity scales for identifying those households where children may be at risk of growth faltering.

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“…5 Paradoxically, for both adults and children, food insecurity (i.e., hunger) is associated with increased risk for obesity. 6,7 BACKGROUND Disparities in Local Food Environments A growing body of evidence suggests that local food environments in the US differ based on the racial and economic composition of a community. 8 Stores selling a wide variety of food items such as chain supermarkets tend to be located in areas that are predominantly populated by Whites and by people representing middle or high levels of income (i.e., populations with low levels of food insecurity), whereas convenience stores and smaller, nonchain grocery stores are more prevalent in communities predominantly populated by racial minorities and people living in poverty (i.e., populations with high levels of food insecurity).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to Healthful Foods among an Urban Food Insecure Population: Perceptions versus Reality

Freedman

Bell

2009

J Urban Health

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The influence of local food environments on the risk for obesity is important overall, but may be particularly important for food insecure populations in urban settings. Access to healthful foods is most limited among racial and ethnic minorities and low-income populations; these same populations experience the highest rates of obesity and food insecurity. Few valid and reliable measures have been developed to assess the quality of local food environments. This research addresses this gap by introducing an inventory for measuring self-reported perceptions of food access and then compares the perceptions measure to objective assessments of local food environments. Data are focused on an urban population experiencing disproportionate rates of food insecurity. The four-item perceptions of food access inventory had high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.80). Participants' perceptions of access to healthful foods mirrored the reality of their food environment; however, perceptions of access to alcohol and tobacco were less accurate. Findings suggest that people living in low-income, urban, minority, and food insecure communities can validly assess (in)access to healthful foods. Future research is needed to further validate the perceptions of food access measure introduced and, more importantly, to develop strategies for increasing access to healthful foods in food insecure contexts.

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Food Insecurity Is Associated with Increased Risk of Obesity in California Women

Cited by 362 publications

References 22 publications

Addressing Female Iron-Deficiency Anaemia in India: Is Vegetarianism the Major Obstacle?

Addressing Female Iron-Deficiency Anaemia in India: Is Vegetarianism the Major Obstacle?

Association between household food access insecurity and nutritional status indicators among children aged <5 years in Nepal: results from a national, cross-sectional household survey

Access to Healthful Foods among an Urban Food Insecure Population: Perceptions versus Reality

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