Food insecurity related to agricultural practices and household characteristics in rural communities of northeast Madagascar

Herrera, James P.; Rabezara, Jean Yves; Ravelomanantsoa, Ny Anjara Fifi; Metz, Miranda; France, Courtni; Owens, Ajilé; Pender, Michelle; Nunn, Charles L.; Kramer, Randall A.

doi:10.1007/s12571-021-01179-3

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…Households engaged in agricultural activity in the form of crop, livestock, or both crop and livestock production are less likely to experience severe HFI. This finding is similar to several studies that have shown that engaging in agricultural activity can improve food security status in developing countries [ 29 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. A study by Pawlak and Kolodziejczak (2020) found that increasing agricultural activities is a key driver of improving food availability and access in rural areas of developing countries [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Social Determinants of Rural Household Food Insecurity under the Taliban Regime

Najam

Ibiyemi

Aziz³

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Despite the severity of food insecurity in Afghanistan, little is known about the factors contributing to household food insecurity (HFI) under the Taliban regime. Therefore, this paper investigated the social determinants of severe HFI in rural areas of Afghanistan. We used the fifth-round survey of 6019 rural households from 25 provinces, collected between July and August 2022 by the Food and Agriculture Organization. We used binary logistic regression to examine the association between household characteristics and HFI. The majority of household heads were male (97.8%) with no education (62.8%). The findings showed that female-headed households had significantly higher odds of severe HFI. Household heads with any level of formal education had significantly reduced odds of severe HFI, while the odds of severe HFI was not different among those with religious/informal household-head education compared to those with no education. Likewise, engagement in any type of agricultural activity decreased the odds of severe HFI. Additionally, household income per member was negatively, while household size was positively associated with severe HFI. In summary, interventions to alleviate HFI among rural households should prioritize income-generating opportunities and skills targeting households with female heads, low levels of household-head education, larger size, no agricultural activities, and low income.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Social Determinants of Rural Household Food Insecurity under the Taliban Regime

Najam

Ibiyemi

Aziz³

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…One of the reasons for this agricultural underperformance has been attributed to farm size. Herrera et al (2021) report that over half of respondents in northeastern Madagascar ascribed their experiences of food insecurity to the limited size of their agricultural plots. Small farm size has also been found to have a significant negative effect on food security in other contexts as well (e.g., Ethiopia, Bogale and Shimelis, 2009).…”

Section: Assets Dietary Diversity and Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contrary to adopting a scattershot approach, others have found that, in Madagascar, focusing more intensively on a smaller number of crops led to better food insecurity outcomes, particularly when those crops were sold. For example, Herrera et al (2021) found that among smallholder farmers in northeastern Madagascar, half of their study population grew just two of the top crops (rice and vanilla) and that the probability of household food insecurity was lower when both of these crops had high yields. However, it is important to note that, as their study area is the leading region of vanilla production in Madagascar with a well-established international export market, these findings are not applicable to all parts of the country.…”

Section: Assets Dietary Diversity and Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding food in the hunger season: A mixed methods approach to understanding wild plant foods in relation to food security and dietary diversity in southeastern Madagascar

Moore

Alpaugh

Razafindrina³

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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In many rural farming societies, wild plant foods (WPFs) continue to play an important role in everyday diets as well as in coping with hunger during food shortages. However, WPF collection and consumption may pose challenges to biodiversity conservation efforts (e.g., in protected areas), and some “famine foods,” foods not typically eaten under normal conditions, may have deleterious health impacts. Using data from a cross-sectional survey of 328 smallholder farmers and fisherfolk living in 15 villages surrounding Manombo Special Reserve on the southeastern coast of Madagascar, we examine the relationship between food security, dietary diversity, and consumption of WPFs, specifically giant aquatic arrowhead or via (Typhonodorum lindleyanum) and Polynesian arrowroot or tavolo (Tacca leontopetaloides), during the region's main lean season. We complement survey findings with focus group interviews to document traditional ecological knowledge and perceptions of these WPFs, including how tavolo and via are rendered edible, as well as human health effects from collecting, preparing, and eating them. Using multilevel logistic regression modeling, we found that consumption of these WPFs were significantly associated with inadequate nutrition among farmers. Wealthier households were less likely to consume these WPFs as a coping strategy during food insecure periods, while larger and more food insecure households were more likely to consume them. These findings reaffirm the importance of access to natural areas and support the design of protected area conservation strategies that honor local foodways and consider WPFs that serve as food safety nets for more vulnerable populations.

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“…Despite expanding agricultural land to support the country’s rapidly growing population, food production has fallen short of projections, and food insecurity still affects more than half of the population [ 64 , 65 ]. In Madagascar, food insecurity may result from the country’s agricultural sector’s low production, exacerbated by several factors, including climate change, insecure land tenure, and inadequate funding [ 66 ]. Due to these factors, the sector’s labor supply has decreased, leading to a fall in agricultural productivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Ecosystem Services to Land Use Change in Madagascar Island, Africa: A Multi-Scale Perspective

Tiandraza

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“Land Use and Land Cover Change (LULCC)” is increasingly being affected by ecosystem services value. LULCC patterns have been subjected to significant changes over time, primarily due to an ever-increasing population. It is rare to attempt to analyze the influence of such changes on a large variety of ecosystem benefits in Madagascar island. The economic value of ecosystem services in Madagascar island is evaluated throughout the period from 2000 to 2019. The expansion of the human population affects the changing value of ecosystem services directly. The PROBA-V SR time series 300 m spatial resolution cover of land datasets from the “Climate Change Initiative of the European Space Agency (ESA)” were used to measure the values of ecosystem activities and the changes in those values caused by land use. A value transfer method was used to evaluate the value of ecosystem services to land use changes on Madagascar island. The findings show that from 2000 to 2019, at the annual rate of 2.17 percent, Madagascar island’s ecosystem service value (ESV) grew to 6.99 billion US dollars. The components that greatly contributed to the total change of ESV were waste treatment, genetic resources, food production, and habitat/refugia. These components in 2000 contributed 21.27%, 20.20%, 17.38%, and 13.80% of the total ESV, and 22.55%, 19.76%, 17.29%, and 13.78% of the total ESV in 2019, respectively. Furthermore, it was found that there was a great change in LULCC. From 2000 to 2019, bare land, built-up land, cultivated land, savannah, and wetland increased while other LULCC types decreased. The sensitivity coefficient ranged from 0.649 to 1.000, <1, with forestland registering the highest values. Wetland is in the second position for the most important land cover category in Madagascar, considering the total value of the ecosystem. The value of ecosystem benefits per unit of the land area was higher on cultivated land, despite the relatively low fraction of cultivated land area across these eras. The sensitivity indices of seven land types from 2000 to 2019 were mapped to understand better the geographical distribution patterns of ESV’s “equivalent value coefficient” (VC) across various land uses. It is suggested that the ESV should be included in Madagascar’s government land-use plan to manage it effectively and efficiently with fewer negative effects on the ecosystem.

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Food insecurity related to agricultural practices and household characteristics in rural communities of northeast Madagascar

Cited by 39 publications

References 58 publications

Social Determinants of Rural Household Food Insecurity under the Taliban Regime

Social Determinants of Rural Household Food Insecurity under the Taliban Regime

Finding food in the hunger season: A mixed methods approach to understanding wild plant foods in relation to food security and dietary diversity in southeastern Madagascar

Response of Ecosystem Services to Land Use Change in Madagascar Island, Africa: A Multi-Scale Perspective

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