Food Intake during the Normal Activity Phase Prevents Obesity and Circadian Desynchrony in a Rat Model of Night Work

Salgado‐Delgado, Roberto; Ángeles-Castellanos, Manuel; Saderi, Nadia; Buijs, Ruud M.; Escobar, Carolina

doi:10.1210/en.2009-0864

Cited by 289 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In a rat model of night work, restricting food intake to the normal activity phase restores glucose rhythms and prevents weight gain (Salgado-Delgado et al 2010). In a study on a mouse model of shift work, restoring normal food intake rhythms concurrently restores clock gene rhythmicity in the liver, as well as triglyceride, glycerol and GC rhythms, and gluconeogenesis (Barclay et al 2012).…”

Section: Ghrelin and Insulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between endocrine and circadian systems

Tsang¹,

Barclay

Oster

2013

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

101

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In most species, endogenous circadian clocks regulate 24-h rhythms of behavior and physiology. Clock disruption has been associated with decreased cognitive performance and increased propensity to develop obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Many hormonal factors show robust diurnal secretion rhythms, some of which are involved in mediating clock output from the brain to peripheral tissues. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of clock-hormone interaction in mammals, the contribution of different tissue oscillators to hormonal regulation, and how changes in circadian timing impinge on endocrine signalling and downstream processes. We further summarize recent findings suggesting that hormonal signals may feed back on circadian regulation and how this crosstalk interferes with physiological and metabolic homeostasis.

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Section: Ghrelin and Insulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between endocrine and circadian systems

Tsang¹,

Barclay

Oster

2013

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

101

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“…74 Forced activity during an 8-hour window of the inactive phase increases body mass, flattens glucose rhythms, alters glucose tolerance, shifts the peak in serum triglycerides to the daytime, and overall alters rhythmicity in the hypothalamus and the liver. [75][76][77] Nighttime food restriction in rats exposed to this forced activity protocol restores glucose rhythms and baseline body mass. 75 Approximately 20% of the global population works in night shifts, forcing individuals to be physically, mentally, and metabolically active out of circadian phase.…”

Section: Circadian Desynchronymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…[75][76][77] Nighttime food restriction in rats exposed to this forced activity protocol restores glucose rhythms and baseline body mass. 75 Approximately 20% of the global population works in night shifts, forcing individuals to be physically, mentally, and metabolically active out of circadian phase. Shift work has been associated with increased prevalence for obesity, diabetes, systemic inflammation, and other metabolic comorbidities.…”

Section: Circadian Desynchronymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Restriction of feeding to the inactive phase, during the light phase in nocturnal rodents, increases body mass, fat mass, and liver clock gene profile. 75,76,94 When compounded with a high-fat diet, mice develop obesity, altered circadian endocrine, and locomotor profiles. 60,[95][96][97] Restricting high-fat diet consumption to the active phase, in contrast, can protect against reduced clock gene amplitude, weight gain, and metabolic disease.…”

Section: Delayed Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consequences of circadian dysregulation on metabolism

Cissé¹,

Nelson²

2016

CPT

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Most organisms display endogenously produced rhythms in physiology and behavior of ~24 hours in duration. These rhythms, termed circadian rhythms, are entrained to precisely 24 hours by the daily extrinsic light-dark cycle. Circadian rhythms are driven by a transcriptional-translational feedback loop that is hierarchically expressed throughout the brain and body; the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus is the master circadian oscillator at the top of the hierarchy. Precise timing of the circadian clocks is critical for many homeostatic processes, including energy regulation and metabolism. Many genes involved in metabolism display rhythmic oscillations. Because circadian rhythms are most potently synchronized with the external environment by light, exposure to light at night potentially disrupts circadian regulation. Other potential disruptors of circadian organization include night shift work, social jet lag, restricted sleep, and misaligned feeding. Each of these environmental conditions has been associated with metabolic changes and obesity. The goal of this review is to highlight how disruption of circadian organization, primarily due to night shift work and exposure to light at night, has downstream effects on metabolic function.

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“…44 This weight gain can be prevented when the animals are only allowed to eat in the (normal) active phase and not in the shift work period. 45 Hormonal influences also seem to be involved in the effects of disturbed and restricted sleep in glucose metabolism. In humans, sleep deprivation has been shown to decrease plasma leptin and to increase plasma ghrelin levels, leading to increased hunger and appetite.…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Underlying Glucose Intolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Disturbances and Glucose Homeostasis

Barf¹,

Scheurink²

2010

European Endocrinology

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Sleep disturbances, induced by either lifestyle, shift work or sleeping disorders, have become more prevalent in our 24/7 Western society.Sleep disturbances are associated with impaired health including metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The question remains whether there is a direct effect of disturbed sleep on glucose homeostasis. Experimental studies under controlled laboratory conditions in both humans and experimental animals revealed that there are differences between the effects of acute or chronic sleep disturbance. Acute sleep restriction clearly leads to glucose intolerance, often combined with insulin resistance. Although glucose intolerance does also occur after chronic sleep disturbance, the changes in insulin can vary, dependent on the body weight changes in the various studies. The underlying mechanism that might cause the changes in glucose homeostasis after sleep disturbance remains unclear, but both the biological clock located in the nucleus suprachiasmaticus as well as orexinergic mechanisms in brain and periphery seem to be involved. KeywordsSleep restriction, sleep deprivation, shift work, glucose homeostasis, hyperglycaemia, type 2 diabetes, rats, obstructive sleep apnoea Metabolic Consequences of Sleep DisturbancesSleep disturbances are also linked to metabolic dysfunctioning.Studies in shift workers provided the first (indirect) evidence for a relationship between sleep disturbances and impaired metabolism.Shift work has become more prevalent during the past decades and shows clear negative effects on sleep timing, length and quality. There is also a direct correlation between disturbed sleep and obesity, the main risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Evidence for this comes from several epidemiological studies, including those described by Caput and Van Cauter. 17,18 In addition, the group of Gottlieb and co-workers show that there is a relation between OSA and obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In fact, there is a bidirectional relationship: OSA leads to obesity, but obesity also directly affects OSA: weight gain or weight loss leads to a significant worsening or improvement, respectively, of sleep apnoea in adults. 23,24 OSA is also directly associated with insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, independent of changes in weight.

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Food Intake during the Normal Activity Phase Prevents Obesity and Circadian Desynchrony in a Rat Model of Night Work

Cited by 289 publications

References 59 publications

Interactions between endocrine and circadian systems

Interactions between endocrine and circadian systems

Consequences of circadian dysregulation on metabolism

Sleep Disturbances and Glucose Homeostasis

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