Food of Flesh-footed Shearwaters<i>Puffinus carneipes</i>Associated with High-seas Driftnets in the Central North Pacific Ocean

Gould, Patrick J.; Ostrom, Peggy H.; Walker, W. Allan

doi:10.1071/mu97020

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The strong diurnal pattern in foraging (90% of dives occurred during daylight) suggests that flesh-footed shearwaters are visual predators. This is further supported by recorded observations indicating that surface-seizing, contact-dipping, and surface-plunging are 3 common foraging techniques (Wood 1993, Gould et al 1997. In light of these findings, removing the visual cue and attractiveness to baited hooks, by restricting line-setting to night continues to be the most effective mitigation measure.…”

Section: Shearwater and Longline Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Most longline fishing in this area was concentrated off the east coast of Australia between latitudes 258S to 408S. Tuna and billfish exhibited a large degree of prey overlap with the flesh-footed shearwater (Gould et al 1997), and foraging shearwaters are often associated with tuna and billfish feeding aggregations (Wood 1990, Ballance et al 1997).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that oceanographic features that attract shearwaters also attract other pelagic predators such as tuna and billfish, resulting in concentrated longline fisheries at shearwater foraging sites (Prince et al 1998, Spear et al 2001, Zainuddin et al 2004. Inasmuch as flesh-footed shearwater and tuna feed on similar prey and tunas are active predators (Gould et al 1997), it is believed that foraging activity of tuna results in greater prey availability for shearwaters as fish are schooled toward the surface to avoid predation at depth (Pitman 1986, Ballance et al 1997). This potential co-evolution further increases likelihood of overlap by longline fishing and shearwater foraging sites.…”

Section: Shearwater and Longline Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longline Fisheries and Foraging Distribution of Flesh‐Footed Shearwaters in Eastern Australia

et al. 2009

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Incidental seabird mortality associated with bycatch during longline commercial fishing is a conservation concern. An initial step to estimating likelihood of seabird bycatch and conceiving conservation strategies is determining amount of overlap between foraging birds and commercial fishing effort, identifying oceanographic features associated with foraging birds, and quantifying dive characteristics. We tracked 24 adult flesh‐footed shearwaters (Puffinus carneipes) breeding on Lord Howe Island located east of Australia during incubation and early and late chick‐rearing periods from 6 January to 17 April 2005. At‐sea foraging distribution of flesh‐footed shearwaters was primarily confined within the jurisdictional Australian Fishing Zone. Foraging was strongly associated with sea‐surface temperature >24°C. Spatial and temporal overlap of longline fishing with foraging shearwaters varied throughout the breeding season, but was greatest (63% overlap) during early chick‐rearing. Mean maximum distance reached from the breeding colony during a foraging event was 804 km (SD = 280) from Lord Howe Island. Foraging behavior was strongly diurnal, with 91% of dives occurring during daylight, and most dives (77%) were <5 m. Given that longline fishing and flesh‐footed shearwaters overlap substantially, the Australian Fisheries Management Authority should consider implementing additional regulations to further reduce bycatch. Conservation strategies such as setting longlines at nights may reduce flesh‐footed shearwater bycatch.

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Section: Shearwater and Longline Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Shearwater and Longline Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longline Fisheries and Foraging Distribution of Flesh‐Footed Shearwaters in Eastern Australia

et al. 2009

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“…At the end of the breeding season they migrate to feed and winter in the waters of the North Pacific and the North Atlantic oceans (e.g. Guzman & Myres 1983, Camphuysen 1995, Gould et al 1997, 1998, Spear & Ainley 1999, Ito 2002 On occasion shearwaters form flocks and feed with surface-schooling tunas (Au & Pitman 1988, Au 1991. These seabirds benefit when tunas drive prey closer to the surface where they can be reached by surface divers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and mapping resource overlap between seabirds and fisheries on a global scale: a preliminary assessment

Karpouzi¹,

Watson²,

Pauly³

2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

110

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Coexistence of foraging seabirds and operating fisheries may result in interactions such as competition for the same prey resources. We used GIS-based modelling at a scale of 0.5 × 0.5°spa-tial cells to: (1) map the foraging distribution of seabirds; (2) predict their annual food consumption rates in a spatially explicit manner; and (3) estimate a spatially explicit seabird -fisheries overlap index. Information on population size, diet composition and foraging attributes of 351 seabird species was compiled into a Microsoft Access database. Global annual food consumption by seabirds was estimated to be 96.4 million tonnes (95% CI: 78.0 to 114.7 million tonnes), compared with a total catch of nearly 120 million tonnes by all marine fisheries. Krill and cephalopods comprised over 58% of the overall food consumed and fish most of the remainder. The families Procellariidae (albatrosses, petrels, shearwaters) and Spheniscidae (penguins) were responsible for over 54% of the overall food consumption. Seabird foraging distribution maps revealed that areas around New Zealand, the eastern Australian coast, and the sub-Antarctic islands had high species richness. However, temperate and polar regions supported high seabird densities and most food extracted by seabirds originated there. Furthermore, maps of food consumption rates revealed that most food consumed by seabirds was extracted from offshore rather than nearshore waters and from areas where seabird -fisheries overlap was low. The resource overlap maps identified 'hotspots' of highest potential for conflict between fisheries and seabirds. Thus, this study may provide useful insight when developing management approaches for designing offshore marine conservation areas. KEY WORDS: Seabird -fisheries interactions · Resource overlap · Foraging distribution · Seabird food consumptionResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…Flesh-footed shearwater Puffinus carneipes are frequently affected by fisheries bycatch around their breeding colonies in Australia and New Zealand (Baker & Wise 2005), and during their transequatorial migration to the North Pacific (Gould et al 1997, Ogi 2008. The population at their largest breeding colony on Lord Howe Island, Australia, has declined by 2.9% yr -1 since 2003, following an annual decline of 0.9% between 1978 and 2002 (Priddel et al 2006, Reid et al 2013a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking at-sea mortality of a pelagic shearwater to breeding colonies of origin using biogeochemical markers

Lavers¹,

Bond

Wilgenburg

et al. 2013

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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An emerging issue in seabird conservation is the ability to link at-sea mortality with observed demographic changes at breeding colonies. Applications of modelling and biochemical markers can be used to assign mortalities of unknown provenance to a colony of origin ensuring conservation actions are targeted at those colonies identified as the most affected. We analysed feathers (n = 120) from flesh-footed shearwater Puffinus carneipes collected from 5 breeding colonies throughout their range. Using stable isotopes (δ 15 N and δ 13 C) and trace element concentrations (Mn, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, Ba, Pb), we assigned birds recovered from fishing vessels off Australia, New Zealand, and the North Pacific to colony of origin, and investigated the rate of correct assignment at 3 spatial scales. Using quadratic discriminant analysis, samples of known origin were correctly assigned to basin, region, and breeding colonies at similar rates (92.3, 81.3, and 88.1%, respectively). Stable isotopes succeeded in assigning individuals among basins (72.8%), performing less well at the region and colony level (52.5 and 36.4%, respectively). In contrast, correct assignment was consistent at all 3 scales using only trace elements (93.2, 95.7, and 96.6%, respectively). Applying our final model based on trace elements to 116 flesh-footed shearwaters taken as bycatch in eastern Australia (n = 30), Western Australia (n = 32), New Zealand (n = 16), eastern North Pacific (n = 27) and western North Pacific (n = 11), we assigned individuals to colonies in New Zealand (35.3%), Western/South Australia (36.2%), Western Australia (27.6%), and Lord Howe Island (0.9%). Bycatch in fisheries may help explain ongoing declines in fleshfooted shearwater populations across the species' range, highlighting the utility of assignment tools to account for unobservable mortality of wildlife at-sea.

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Food of Flesh-footed ShearwatersPuffinus carneipesAssociated with High-seas Driftnets in the Central North Pacific Ocean

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Longline Fisheries and Foraging Distribution of Flesh‐Footed Shearwaters in Eastern Australia

Longline Fisheries and Foraging Distribution of Flesh‐Footed Shearwaters in Eastern Australia

Modelling and mapping resource overlap between seabirds and fisheries on a global scale: a preliminary assessment

Linking at-sea mortality of a pelagic shearwater to breeding colonies of origin using biogeochemical markers

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