Food Preference in the Nile Rat<i>Arvicanthis niloticus</i>

Suliman, Salwa; Shumake, Stephen A.; Jackson, William B.

doi:10.1080/09670878409370869

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In addition, the Nile rat has ample exercise in wild. Due to food being a limited resource and increased exercise (as a consequence of avoiding predation and searching for food), the Nile rat in the wild does not develop diabetes when consuming a fiber-rich, low GLoad diet based on native grasses and bushes in its semi-arid desert environment [55,56,57,58].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Permissiveness and Dietary Glycemic Load Interact to Predict Type-II Diabetes in the Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus)

2019

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Objective: The Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) is a superior model for Type-II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) induced by diets with a high glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GLoad). To better define the age and gender attributes of diabetes in early stages of progression, weanling rats were fed a high carbohydrate (hiCHO) diet for between 2 to 10 weeks. Methods. Data from four experiments compared two diabetogenic semipurified diets (Diet 133 (60:20:20, as % energy from CHO, fat, protein with a high glycemic load (GLoad) of 224 per 2000 kcal) versus Diets 73MBS or 73MB (70:10:20 with or without sucrose and higher GLoads of 259 or 295, respectively). An epidemiological technique was used to stratify the diabetes into quintiles of blood glucose (Q1 to Q5), after 2-10 weeks of dietary induction in 654 rats. The related metagenetic physiological growth and metabolic outcomes were related to the degree of diabetes based on fasting blood glucose (FBG), random blood glucose (RBG), and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 30 minutes and 60 minutes. Results. Experiment 1 (Diet 73MBS) demonstrated that the diabetes begins aggressively in weanlings during the first 2 weeks of a hiCHO challenge, linking genetic permissiveness to diabetes susceptibility or resistance from an early age. In Experiment 2, ninety male Nile rats fed Diet 133 (60:20:20) for 10 weeks identified two quintiles of resistant rats (Q1,Q2) that lowered their RBG between 6 weeks and 10 weeks on diet, whereas Q3-Q5 became progressively more diabetic, suggesting an ongoing struggle for control over glucose metabolism, which either stabilized or not, depending on genetic permissiveness. Experiment 3 (32 males fed 70:10:20) and Experiment 4 (30 females fed 60:20:20) lasted 8 weeks and 3 weeks respectively, for gender and time comparisons. The most telling link between a quintile rank and diabetes risk was telegraphed by energy intake (kcal/day) that established the cumulative GLoad per rat for the entire trial, which was apparent from the first week of feeding. This genetic permissiveness associated with hyperphagia across quintiles was maintained throughout the study and was mirrored in body weight gain without appreciable differences in feed efficiency. This suggests that appetite and greater growth rate linked to a fiber-free high GLoad diet were the dominant factors driving the diabetes. Male rats fed the highest GLoad diet (Diet 73MB 70:10:20, GLoad 295 per 2000 kcal for 8 weeks in Experiment 3], ate more calories and developed diabetes even more aggressively, again emphasizing the Cumulative GLoad as a primary stressor for expressing the genetic permissiveness underlying the diabetes. Conclusion: Thus, the Nile rat model, unlike other rodents but similar to humans, represents a superior model for high GLoad, low-fiber diets that induce diabetes from an early age in a manner similar to the dietary paradigm underlying T2DM in humans, most likely originating in childhood.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Permissiveness and Dietary Glycemic Load Interact to Predict Type-II Diabetes in the Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus)

2019

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“…Soni et al (1980) found that neither sugar nor vegetable oils enhanced bait consumption in Funambulus pennanti (northern palm squirrel) in India. However, both sugar and vegetable oil were found to enhance bait consumption in Rattus meltada (soft-furred field rat) in India (Chopra et al, 1984) and Arvicanthis niloticus (Nile rat) in Egypt (Suliman et al, 1984).…”

Section: Sugar and Other Sweetening Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bait additives as a means of improving acceptance by rodents¹

Marsh

1988

EPPO Bulletin

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There is a general desire by those formulating rodent baits to improve them to achieve better rodent control. Various bait additives are currently in use while others have been evaluated without significant benefit. Some food or taste preferences are innate while other specific food preferences of rodents are learned during early experiences in life. Sugar (sweet items) and vegetable oils and animal fats are the most universally effective additives for cereal baits to improve acceptance and palatability for the three major species of commensal rodents. Salt, monosodium glutamate, and a wide array of natural, semi-natural, and synthetic flavors/ aromas as bait enhancers have been explored as gustatory (taste) and olfactory (odor) additives. Their influence on rodents seeking out the bait and on bait acceptance are varied and inconsistent. Flavor additives to baits have often decreased rather than increased consumption.

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“…The Nile rat ( Arvicanthis niloticus ) is a model of type 2 diabetes with key benefits over other rodent models. First, diabetes is rapidly induced in both sexes by conventional laboratory rodent chow that is hypercaloric for the Nile rat compared to its native fiber-rich diet 2 , 3 . On conventional rodent chow, the onset of diabetes can range from a month to a year of age, and by 6 months of age, most of the Nile rats would have developed diabetes 4 .…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma metabolomics supports non-fasted sampling for metabolic profiling across a spectrum of glucose tolerance in the Nile rat model for type 2 diabetes

Anderson,

Curtis,

Jen

et al. 2023

Lab Anim

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Type 2 diabetes is a challenge in modern healthcare, and animal models are necessary to identify underlying mechanisms. The Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) develops diet-induced diabetes rapidly on a conventional rodent chow diet without genetic or chemical manipulation. Unlike common laboratory models, the outbred Nile rat model is diurnal and has a wide range of overt diabetes onset and diabetes progression patterns in both sexes, better mimicking the heterogeneous diabetic phenotype in humans. While fasted blood glucose has historically been used to monitor diabetic progression, postprandial blood glucose is more sensitive to the initial stages of diabetes. However, there is a long-held assumption that ad libitum feeding in rodent models leads to increased variance, thus masking diabetes-related metabolic changes in the plasma. Here we compared repeatability within triplicates of non-fasted or fasted plasma samples and assessed metabolic changes relevant to glucose tolerance in fasted and non-fasted plasma of 8–10-week-old male Nile rats. We used liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry lipidomics and polar metabolomics to measure relative metabolite abundances in the plasma samples. We found that, compared to fasted metabolites, non-fasted plasma metabolites are not only more strongly associated with glucose tolerance on the basis of unsupervised clustering and elastic net regression model, but also have a lower replicate variance. Between the two sampling groups, we detected 66 non-fasted metabolites and 32 fasted metabolites that were associated with glucose tolerance using a combined approach with multivariable elastic net and individual metabolite linear models. Further, to test if metabolite replicate variance is affected by age and sex, we measured non-fasted replicate variance in a cohort of mature 30-week-old male and female Nile rats. Our results support using non-fasted plasma metabolomics to study glucose tolerance in Nile rats across the progression of diabetes.

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Food Preference in the Nile RatArvicanthis niloticus

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Genetic Permissiveness and Dietary Glycemic Load Interact to Predict Type-II Diabetes in the Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus)

Genetic Permissiveness and Dietary Glycemic Load Interact to Predict Type-II Diabetes in the Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus)

Bait additives as a means of improving acceptance by rodents¹

Plasma metabolomics supports non-fasted sampling for metabolic profiling across a spectrum of glucose tolerance in the Nile rat model for type 2 diabetes

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Food Preference in the Nile RatArvicanthis niloticus

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Genetic Permissiveness and Dietary Glycemic Load Interact to Predict Type-II Diabetes in the Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus)

Genetic Permissiveness and Dietary Glycemic Load Interact to Predict Type-II Diabetes in the Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus)

Bait additives as a means of improving acceptance by rodents1

Plasma metabolomics supports non-fasted sampling for metabolic profiling across a spectrum of glucose tolerance in the Nile rat model for type 2 diabetes

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Product

Resources

About

Bait additives as a means of improving acceptance by rodents¹