Food quality on the farm: Immunological detection of mycotoxins in New Zealand pastoral agriculture

Garthwaite, Ian; Sprosen, J. M.; Briggs, Lyn; Collin, R. G.; Towers, N. R.

doi:10.1080/09540109409354821

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Natural occurrence of ZEA in pasture forage has o en been reported in the literature, mainly from New Zealand where it has been identifi ed as an agent causing fertility problems in sheep (Di Menna et al, 1987, 1991Garthwaite et al, 1994;Towers, 1993;Smith and Morris, 2006) and recently from Australia (Reed and Moore, 2009) or Argentina (Salvat et al, 2013;Ramirez et al, 2014;Nichea et al, 2015). Although ZEA occurrence in pasture forage in Europe can also be expected (Summerell et al, 2010;Szécsi et al, 2013) (Engels and Krämer, 1996;Golinski et al, 2003;Skládanka et al, 2011).…”

Section: Mycotoxin Contamination Of the Pasture Foragementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritive Value and Mycotoxin Contamination of Herbage in Mountain Locality Exposed to Renewed Cattle Grazing

Štýbnarová¹,

Křížová²,

Pavlok³

et al. 2016

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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The aim of the study was to estimate the forage quality and mycotoxin contamination in the locality of Švýcárna (1304 m a.s.l.), where the cattle grazing a er the long-term management cessation was introduced on the pasture area of 3.6 ha in 2012. The pasture was divided into two grazing plots: P1 (Nar) (dominance of Nardus stricta) and P2 (Des) (dominance of Deschampsia cespitosa). Samples of forage were taken in June, July, August and September 2014 and 2015 from fi ve permanent plots situated in diff erent places of locality. Samples were analysed on the content of basic nutrients and macroand micro-elements. Further, the content of deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and T-2/ HT-2 toxin was determined using ELISA method. From June to September the mean content of crude fi bre signifi cantly (P < 0.05) increased (from 243.9 g.kg −1 DM to 331.7 g.kg −1 DM, respectively) and the content of crude protein signifi cantly (P < 0.05) decreased (from 166.9 g.kg −1 DM to 89.2 g.kg −1 DM, respectively). Mean concentration of DON in P1 (Nar) was numerically higher than in P2 (Des), being 715 and 620.63 μg.kg −1 , respectively (P < 0.05). Mean concentration of T-2/HT-2 toxin was 44.88 and 55.04 μg.kg −1 in P1 (Nar) and P2 (Des), respectively. The content of ZEA in P1 (Nar) of 54.65 μg.kg −1 was lower than in P2 (Des) being 78.72 μg.kg −1 (P < 0.05).

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Section: Mycotoxin Contamination Of the Pasture Foragementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritive Value and Mycotoxin Contamination of Herbage in Mountain Locality Exposed to Renewed Cattle Grazing

Štýbnarová¹,

Křížová²,

Pavlok³

et al. 2016

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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“…The concentration of lysergol in urine was measured at AgResearch Ruakura Toxicology Laboratory (Hamilton), using an in-house, indirect competitive ELISA assay (Garthwaite et al 1994;Layton et al 2004). The antibody used in this assay recognises the lysergol ring present in the metabolites of ergot alkaloids (Layton et al 2004).…”

Section: Lysergolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in concentrations of lysergol in urine and prolactin in plasma, rectal temperature and respiration rate in sheep selected for resistance or susceptibility to ryegrass staggers and fed ergovaline

Gooneratne¹,

Scannell²,

Wellby³

et al. 2011

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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This study showed that excretion of lysergol in urine increased with each exposure of sheep to ergovaline. Animals genetically resistant to ryegrass staggers exhibited a lower rectal temperature and a faster respiration rate than those susceptible, demonstrating the possible cross resistance of sheep to ergovaline in a population originally selected for resistance to ryegrass staggers. Hence potential exists to select animals resistant to ryegrass staggers that are also resistant to ergovaline.

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“…The Ruakura Agricultural Research Station, however, found the teff and Eragrostis curvula seed negative for Neotyphodium-like endophyte mycelium by ELISA and microscopy (Garthwaite 1997), and excluded lysergol-containing endophytic ergot alkaloids and paxilline (a precursor of the toxic lolitrems, a further indicator of toxic endophytes) by ELISA (Garthwaite et al 1994) from all seed and vegetative material of teff and E. curvula submitted to them (I. Garthwaite & C.C. Miles, Agresearch, Ruakura, New Zealand, personal communication 1997).…”

Section: Examination For Ergotised or Endophyte Infected Grassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Material was also despatched to the Toxinology and Food Safety Research Group of the Ruakura Agricultural Research Station, Hamilton, New Zealand where it was examined by ELISA for the presence of toxigenic endophytes and related ergot alkaloids by the technique of Garthwaite, Sprosen, Briggs, Collin & Towers (1994).…”

Section: Mycology and Endophyte Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>Claviceps cyperi</i>, a new cause of severe ergotism in dairy cattle consuming maize silage and teff hay contaminated with ergotised <i>Cyperus esculentus</i> (nut sedge) on the Highveld of South Africa

Naudé¹,

Botha²,

Vorster³

et al. 2005

Onderstepoort J Vet Res

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NAUDÉ, T.W., BOTHA, C.J., VORSTER, J.H., ROUX, C., VAN DER LINDE, E.J., VAN DER WALT, S.I., ROTTINGHAUS, G.E., VAN JAARSVELD, L. & LAWRENCE, A.N. 2005. Claviceps cyperi, a new cause of severe ergotism in dairy cattle consuming maize silage and teff hay contaminated with ergotised Cyperus esculentus (nut sedge) on the Highveld of South Africa. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, During December/January 1996/97 typical summer syndrome (hyperthermia and a 30 % drop in milk yield) occurred in succession in two Holstein dairy herds (n = 240 and n = 150 milking cows, respectively) on the South African Highveld. These farms are situated in the midst of the prime maize and dairy farming areas of South Africa where this condition had never been diagnosed before.The individual components of the concentrate on both farms were negative for ergot alkaloids. Endophytic fungi and/or ergot infestation of teff and other grasses fed to the cows were then suspected of being involved, but neither endophytes nor ergot alkaloids could be implicated from these sources.By measuring the serum prolactin levels of groups of sheep (n = 5) fed the first farm's total mixed ration (TMR) or its three individual fibre components for a period of 11 days, the source of the ergot alkaloids was identified. A statistically significant decrease in the level of this hormone occurred only in the group on maize silage (which constituted 28 % on dry matter base of the TMR). The involvement of the maize silage was further chemically confirmed by the high levels of total ergot alkaloids, predominantly ergocryptine, found by LC-MS in the silage as well as in the TMR (115-975 ppb and 65-300 ppb, respectively). The ergot alkaloid content (mainly ergocryptine) of the maize silage on the second affected farm was 875 ppb. Withdrawal of contaminated silage resulted in gradual recovery of stock on both farms.Nut sedge (Cyperus esculentus and Cyperus rotundus of the family Cyperaceae) has a world-wide distribution and is a common weed in annual crops, and can be parasitized by Claviceps cyperi. Careful examination of the maize silage from both farms revealed that it was heavily contaminated 1 Division of Toxicology, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Private Bag X05,

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Food quality on the farm: Immunological detection of mycotoxins in New Zealand pastoral agriculture

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Nutritive Value and Mycotoxin Contamination of Herbage in Mountain Locality Exposed to Renewed Cattle Grazing

Nutritive Value and Mycotoxin Contamination of Herbage in Mountain Locality Exposed to Renewed Cattle Grazing

Changes in concentrations of lysergol in urine and prolactin in plasma, rectal temperature and respiration rate in sheep selected for resistance or susceptibility to ryegrass staggers and fed ergovaline

<i>Claviceps cyperi</i>, a new cause of severe ergotism in dairy cattle consuming maize silage and teff hay contaminated with ergotised <i>Cyperus esculentus</i> (nut sedge) on the Highveld of South Africa

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