Food Sources of EPA and DHA in the Diets of American Children, NHANES 2003-2010

Kranz, Sibylle; Huss, Lyndsey R.; Dobbs-Oates, Jennifer

doi:10.24947/baojn/1/1/00105

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Children (1-6 and 7-12 years) and women of childbearing potential (aged 13-19 and 20 years or more) also consumed very little n-3 fatty acids, with mean intakes of 0.08, 0.12, 0.12, and 0.17 g/day, respectively. Given that our n-3 fatty acid intake calculations include EPA equivalents that account for the conversion of ALA and SDA to EPA, this is consistent with a previous report of EPA + DHA intake in 2-18-year-olds from NHANES 2003-2010 in which mean intake was ~ 0.05 g/day [31]. Similarly, mean intake of EPA and DHA was ~ 0.01 and ~ 0.02 g/day, respectively, in children aged 12-60 months from NHANES 2003-2008 [32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…This seafood consumption is approximately 38% of the 2015-2020 DGA recommendation to consume 8 oz of a variety of seafood per week [5], and only 6% of the recommendation to consume 8 oz of oily fish per week issued by the AHA [3]. Oily fish consumption is also very low among US children [32], with non-fish foods being the largest contributors to n-3 fatty acid intake [31]. Therefore, although oily fish is a good source of n-3 fatty acids, insufficient n-3 fatty acid intake among the US population is likely due, in part, to the lack of oily fish consumption by a large proportion of the population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Total Long‐Chain n‐3 Fatty Acid Intake and Food Sources in the United States Compared to Recommended Intakes: NHANES 2003–2008

Richter

Bowen

Mozaffarian

et al. 2017

Lipids

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The American Heart Association recommends consuming fish (particularly oily fish) at least two times per week, which would provide ≈ 0.5 g/day of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for cardiovascular disease risk reduction. Previous analyses indicate that this recommendation is not being met; however, few studies have assessed different ethnicities, subpopulations requiring additional n-3 fatty acid intake (i.e., children and pregnant and/or lactating women), or deciles of intake. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2008 was used to assess n-3 fatty acid intake from foods and supplements in the US population, according to age, sex, and ethnicity. A unique "EPA equivalents" factor, which accounts for potential conversion of shorter-chain n-3 fatty acids, was used to calculate total long-chain n-3 fatty acid intake. Data are reported for 24,621 individuals. More than 90% consumed less than the recommended 0.5 g/day from food sources (median = 0.11 g/day; mean = 0.17 g/day). Among the top 15% of n-3 fatty acid consumers, fish was the largest dietary contributor (71.2%). Intake was highest in men aged 20 years or more, and lowest in children and women who are or may become pregnant and/or are lactating. Among ethnicities, intake was lowest in Mexican-Americans. Only 6.2% of the total population reported n-3 fatty acid supplement use, and this did not alter median daily intake. Additional strategies are needed to increase awareness of health benefits (particularly among Mexican-Americans and women of childbearing age) and promote consumption of oily fish or alternative dietary sources to meet current recommendations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%