Foodborne Botulism Outbreaks in the United States, 2001–2017

Lúquez, Carolina; Edwards, Leslie; Griffin, Chelsey; Sobel, Jeremy

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.713101

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This low fatality rate makes it—fortunately—difficult to assess its relationship with the delay in antitoxin administration. Spanish botulism cases are mostly food-borne, similar to what happens in France and Italy [ 21 , 34 ], but contrary to what happens in the US [ 35 ]. In our series, most of the cases occurred in males aged 25 to 80 years and females aged 45 to 80 years, and infants <1 year of both sexes, in line with the data observed in the last European report [ 27 ] but with differences in the 15 to 24 year age group, in which the data for both sexes were similar in our series.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulism in Spain: Epidemiology and Outcomes of Antitoxin Treatment, 1997–2019

Peñuelas

Guerrero-Vadillo

Valdezate

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Background: Botulism is a low incidence but potentially fatal infectious disease caused by neurotoxins produced mainly by Clostridium botulinum. There are different routes of acquisition, food-borne and infant/intestinal being the most frequent presentation, and antitoxin is the treatment of choice in all cases. In Spain, botulism is under surveillance, and case reporting is mandatory. Methods: This retrospective study attempts to provide a more complete picture of the epidemiology of botulism in Spain from 1997 to 2019 and an assessment of the treatment, including the relationship between a delay in antitoxin administration and the length of hospitalization using the Cox proportional hazards test and Kruskal–Wallis test, and an approach to the frequency of adverse events, issues for which no previous national data have been published. Results: Eight of the 44 outbreaks were associated with contaminated commercial foods involving ≤7 cases/outbreak; preserved vegetables were the main source of infection, followed by fish products; early antitoxin administration significantly reduces the hospital stay, and adverse reactions to the antitoxin affect around 3% of treated cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulism in Spain: Epidemiology and Outcomes of Antitoxin Treatment, 1997–2019

Peñuelas

Guerrero-Vadillo

Valdezate

et al. 2022

Toxins

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“…Their spores show a high resistance against heat and chemicals and as a consequence modern food industry applies strict measures to assure their destruction or to prevent their germination or growth ( 12 , 13 ) including challenge testing with toxic and non-toxic strains ( 14 – 17 ). As a consequence, modern commercial products are extremely rarely involved in foodborne botulism in particular within the EU, unlike home-made or artisan products which cause the majority of cases ( 18 – 20 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First cross-border outbreak of foodborne botulism in the European Union associated with the consumption of commercial dried roach (Rutilus rutilus)

Hendrickx

Martínez

Contzen

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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Botulism outbreaks due to commercial products are extremely rare in the European Union. Here we report on the first international outbreak of foodborne botulism caused by commercial salt-cured, dried roach (Rutilus rutilus). Between November and December 2016, an outbreak of six foodborne botulism type E cases from five unrelated households was documented in Germany and Spain. The outbreak involved persons of Russian and Kazakh backgrounds, all consumed unheated salt-cured, dried roach—a snack particularly favored in Easter-European countries. The implicated food batches had been distributed by an international wholesaler and were recalled from Europe-wide outlets of a supermarket chain and other independent retailers. Of interest, and very unlike to other foodborne disease outbreaks which usually involves a single strain or virus variant, different Clostridium botulinum strains and toxin variants could be identified even from a single patient's sample. Foodborne botulism is a rare but potentially life-threatening disease and almost exclusively involves home-made or artisan products and thus, outbreaks are limited to individual or few cases. As a consequence, international outbreaks are the absolute exception and this is the first one within the European Union. Additional cases were likely prevented by a broad product recall, underscoring the importance of timely public health action. Challenges and difficulties on the diagnostic and epidemiological level encountered in the outbreak are highlighted.

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“…Food-producing animals are the main reservoirs for most foodborne pathogens, such as the Campylobacter species, the Salmonella enterica non-Typhi serotypes, the shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli , S. aureus , Bacillus cereus , Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium botulinum [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Moreover, foodborne pathogens may arise from different sources which include the environment (water from various sources, animal dung disposal sites and wildlife), as well as human-related animal handling (slaughtering and processing practices, and storage procedures) [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Plant-Derived Nanoparticles (PDNP) in Food-Producing Animals as a Bio-Control Agent against Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens

et al. 2022

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Antibiotics are regularly used in animal husbandry to treat diseases. This practice is beneficial to animals’ health and helps ensure food security. However, the misuse of antibiotics, especially in food-producing animals, has resulted in the advent of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its dissemination among foodborne pathogens. The occurrence of AMR in bacteria pathogens that cause infections in animals and those associated with food spoilage is now considered a global health concern affecting humans, animals and the environment. The search for alternative antimicrobial agents has kindled the interest of many researchers. Among the alternatives, using plant-derived nanoparticles (PDNPs) for treating microbial dysfunctions in food-producing animals has gained significant attention. In traditional medicine, plant extracts are considered as safe, efficient and natural antibacterial agents for various animal diseases. Given the complexity of the AMR and concerns about issues at the interface of human health, animal health and the environment, it is important to emphasize the role of a One Health approach in addressing this problem. This review examines the potential of PDNPs as bio-control agents in food-producing animals, intending to provide consumers with microbiologically safe food while ensuring food safety and security, better health for animals and humans and a safe environment.

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Foodborne Botulism Outbreaks in the United States, 2001–2017

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Botulism in Spain: Epidemiology and Outcomes of Antitoxin Treatment, 1997–2019

Botulism in Spain: Epidemiology and Outcomes of Antitoxin Treatment, 1997–2019

First cross-border outbreak of foodborne botulism in the European Union associated with the consumption of commercial dried roach (Rutilus rutilus)

Application of Plant-Derived Nanoparticles (PDNP) in Food-Producing Animals as a Bio-Control Agent against Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens

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