“…Smoking and polypharmacy have shown to be independent risk factors for ankle fractures in elderly women (Valtola et al 2002). Interestingly, osteoporosis is not a risk factor, nor does prior ankle fracture predict subsequent major osteoporotic fractures (Hasselman et al 2003, Hak et al 2011, Pritchard et al 2012, Olsen et al 2013). However, osteoporosis is a risk factor for loss of reduction (Kettunen and Kröger 2005, Strauss et al 2007, McKean et al 2013, Olsen et al 2013, thus locking plates may be necessary in elderly patients to enhance angular stability (Kettunen andKröger 2005, McKean et al 2013).…”