Foot Care Practices among Type 2 Diabetics Mellitus Patients Attending Diabetes Clinics in Embu County, Kenya

Mbisi, Annastacia Munzi; Gitonga, Lucy; Kiruki, Silas

doi:10.4236/ojcd.2019.94009

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, Mbisi et al reported a higher number of patients (63.3%) use a moisturizing cream on their feet daily and a few patients (5.4%) use a moisturizing cream between their toes daily. 23 This might be due to a few patients in Mbisi et al’s study has an informal education (18.2%) compared to this study where 39.2% of the patients cannot read and write.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Similarly, 1.7% of the patients were reported to wear slippers most of the time. 23 The difference might be due to the age difference of patients between the studies, where most of the patients from the Kenyan study were elders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 10 However, our findings were lower when compared to a study from South Africa and Kenya, where 86.7% and 89.2% of the patients washed their feet once daily. 22 , 23 This might be due to the patients included in both South Africa and Kenya studies were relatively elder adults. In our study, 32.2% of the diabetic patients never dry their feet after washing, which was lower compared to the report by Seid and Isige, where 59.1% of the patients reported never dry their feet after wash. 10 This might be related to information differences related to foot care practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

<p>Diabetic Foot Self-Care Practices Among Adult Diabetic Patients: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Hirpha

Tatiparthi²,

Mulugeta³

2020

DMSO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Adequate foot care and regular foot examinations along with optimal glycemic control are effective strategies to prevent foot ulceration. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of foot self-care practice among diabetic patients attending an ambulatory clinic. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the ambulatory clinic of Jimma Medical Center. A consecutive sampling technique was used. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 and descriptive statistics were used to describe the findings. Results: A total of 370 diabetic patients (55.9% male and 68.4% type 2) were interviewed. The mean (±SD) age of the patients was 46.47±13.63 years. Over one-third (35.7%) of the patients had a previous history of foot ulcer. The majority of the patients self-inspect (92.5%) and wash (82.7%) their foot at least daily, respectively. In this study, 12.2% of the patients never inspected the inside of their footwear before putting them on and 42.4% of the patients never dry between their toes after washing. Most (63.5%) of patients never used moisturizing creams to lubricate the dry skin. In this study, 23.0% and 27.6% of the patients walk in sandals/slippers and in shoes without socks most of the time, respectively. Only 27.3% of the patients changed their socks daily. Majority (78.4% and 86.5%) of the patients never walk barefoot around and outside their house, respectively, and 75.1% of the patients never put their feet near the fire. Conclusion: Diabetic patients were not adequately self-inspect and wash their foot at least daily, dry after wash and moisturize the dry skin. They walk barefoot, in sandals/slippers, and in shoes without socks. Therefore, clinicians should counsel every diabetic patient about the importance of foot self-inspection, foot hygiene, and the risk of walking barefoot, wearing sandals/slippers, and shoes without socks at every follow-up visit.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

<p>Diabetic Foot Self-Care Practices Among Adult Diabetic Patients: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Hirpha

Tatiparthi²,

Mulugeta³

2020

DMSO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mbisi et al [42] conducted a descriptive study to assess foot care practices among people with diabetes in five hospitals in Kenya. The study reported moderate foot care practices by calculating the sum of activities practiced by the participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Practice and Attitude towards Foot Ulcers and Foot Care among Adults Living with Diabetes in Tobago: A Qualitative Study

Adeyemi¹,

Olatunji

Adetunji

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Globally, the prevalence of diabetes has risen significantly by 62% over the last ten years. A complication of unmanaged diabetes is diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), which adversely affects the quality of life of individuals with diabetes and inflicts a huge economic burden on the family, government, and health care services. However, this complication is preventable with adequate patient knowledge and practice regarding DFU and foot care. The present study was aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice of adults with diabetes on foot ulcers and foot care in Tobago using a qualitative exploratory design. Purposeful sampling technique was used to recruit 20 participants from the lifestyle and diabetes foot clinics of Scarborough Health Centre, Tobago. Telephone interviews were conducted with the use of a semi-structured interview guide. The data obtained from participants were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Four major themes, namely foot ulcer problems, participants’ knowledge on DFU, knowledge on foot care, and practice and attitude of foot care, emerged from the study. The findings from the study revealed that the majority of participants had poor knowledge regarding DFU but exhibited awareness about foot care, especially on foot cleaning and inspection, preventing irritation after washing, appropriate footwear, and not walking barefooted. The participants had good attitudes and practices of foot care despite their poor knowledge of DFU. However, participants reported inadequate health education on DFU and foot care from healthcare personnel. There should be improved health education, information, and communication on DFU and foot care centred and tailored to the understanding of people living with diabetes. This will prevent DFU and reduce the mortality arising from this complication, which is a major target of the sustainable development goals (SDG) in mitigating the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as diabetes.

show abstract

“… 27 , 28 For instance, in Embu and Meru Counties in Kenya, 45.1% to 51.2% of diabetes patients had poor levels of foot self-care practices which were associated with a high prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers. 29 , 30 In addition, a qualitative study highlighted that delay in the presentation of diabetic foot complications is associated with a low level of knowledge and awareness of foot problems, poor health-seeking behaviours and competing for personal priorities. 31 Importantly, even when the patient visits the hospital early, only 58% of health facilities in Kenya offer diabetes care services, of which only 74% can test blood glucose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Foot Risk Assessment among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Kenya

Nduati

Gatimu

Kombe

2022

EAHRJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Screening for diabetic foot complications is often neglected, especially during routine and/or annual diabetes check-ups. We assessed the risk of diabetic foot complications among patients with type 2 diabetes in Kenya using the International Working Group on Diabetic Foot risk stratification guidelines to highlight the need for improved foot care. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in Mathari National Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya between July and October 2015. Seven hundred patients with type 2 diabetes were identified and 147 were systematically sampled. A trained podiatrist examined patients, and urine and blood samples were taken for biochemical tests and assessed by the investigating team. Results: In total, 44(29.9%) men and 103(70.1%) women were sampled; 75(51.0%) were aged over 55 years, 113(76.9%) were overweight/obese, 117(79.6%) had poor glycaemic control and 125(85%) had never had their feet screened for complications. Thirty participants (20.4%) were categorised as being at high risk for developing diabetic foot complications while 54(36.7%) had moderate risk, 53(36.1%) had low risk and 10(6.8%) had no risk. Compared to other risk groups, those with moderate risk for developing diabetic foot problems had higher mean levels of glycated haemoglobin (9.4%), albumin-creatinine ratio (50.3) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.4 mmol/L) at presentation. No other differences in clinical and laboratory profiles were noted. Conclusion: Our results show high rates of obesity, and poor glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and 56.5% of patients are categorised as being a moderate-to-high risk for foot problems. This highlights the need for healthcare professionals and patients in Kenya to be sensitised regarding the importance of foot screening to prevent lower-extremity complications.

show abstract

Foot Care Practices among Type 2 Diabetics Mellitus Patients Attending Diabetes Clinics in Embu County, Kenya

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

<p>Diabetic Foot Self-Care Practices Among Adult Diabetic Patients: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study</p>

<p>Diabetic Foot Self-Care Practices Among Adult Diabetic Patients: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Knowledge, Practice and Attitude towards Foot Ulcers and Foot Care among Adults Living with Diabetes in Tobago: A Qualitative Study

Diabetic Foot Risk Assessment among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Kenya

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About