Foot posture is associated with morphometry of the peroneus longus muscle, tibialis anterior tendon, and <scp>A</scp>chilles tendon

Murley, George S.; Tan, Jade M.; Edwards, Rachel; Luca, J. De; Munteanu, Shannon E.; Cook, Jill

doi:10.1111/sms.12025

Cited by 45 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Few studies done on the foot type and the TC morphometry opine that there exists an association between the two. Murley et al have found a positive correlation of TC morphometry with foot type 21 . According to Koivunen-Niemela & Parkkola, the flat arched foot type is often associated with a thinner TC tendon 9 .…”

Section: Study Done By Study Population Thickness Of Tcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric evaluation of human tendocalcaneus: a cadaveric study of south indian male population

Kumar

Nayak

Patil

et al. 2017

MLTJ

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SummaryIntroduction: Tendocalcaneus or Achilles tendon is formed by the fusion of the tendons of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Normal morphometric measurements of tendo-calcaneus serves an important landmark in its anthropometric evaluation and biomechanical characteristics. Hence the objective of this study was to provide detailed morphometric profile of tendocalcaneus in south indian cadaveric male population. Materials and method: A total of 64 dissected adult limbs was studied. Out of the 64 limbs: 37 belonged to right side while 27 were of the left side. These limbs were dissected to expose the extent of tendocalcaneus. Total length, proximal width and proximal circumference of the tendon, distal width and distal circumference of the tendon was measured. Results were tabulated and correlated using SPSS. Results: Tendon length, width and circumference showed no statistically significant differences between the right and left side. However significant correlation was observed between proximal width and distal widths, proximal circumference and distal circumference, proximal width and proximal circumference and distal width and distal circumference of the tendon. Conclusion: This cadaveric morphometric study of tendo-calcaneus would be very helpful to sports medicine physicians for diagnosis and treatment of tendo Achilles overuse injuries and tendinopathy. Level of evidence: IV.

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Section: Study Done By Study Population Thickness Of Tcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric evaluation of human tendocalcaneus: a cadaveric study of south indian male population

Kumar

Nayak

Patil

et al. 2017

MLTJ

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“…This is supported by laboratory-based research using uninjured participants, which suggests that variations in foot posture (flat-and normal-arched feet) are associated with systematic differences in lower limb kinematics [6][7][8], kinetics [4,9,10], muscle function [11][12][13][14][15][16] and tendon morphometry [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Dynamic foot function as a risk factor for lower limb overuse injury: A systematic review

Dowling

Murley

Smith

et al. 2014

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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Background: Dynamic foot function is considered a risk factor for lower limb overuse injuries including Achilles tendinopathy, shin pain, patellofemoral pain and stress fractures. However, no single source has systematically appraised and summarised the literature to evaluate this proposed relationship. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate dynamic foot function as a risk factor for lower limb overuse injury. Methods: A systematic search was performed using Medline, CINAHL, Embase and SportDiscus in April 2014 to identify prospective cohort studies that utilised dynamic methods of foot assessment. Included studies underwent methodological quality appraisal by two independent reviewers using an adapted version of the Epidemiological Appraisal Instrument (EAI). Effects were expressed as standardised mean differences (SMD) for continuous scaled data, and risk ratios (RR) for nominal scaled data. Results: Twelve studies were included (total n = 3,773; EAI 0.44 to 1.20 out of 2.00, representing low to moderate quality). There was limited to very limited evidence for forefoot, midfoot and rearfoot plantar loading variables (SMD 0.47 to 0.85) and rearfoot kinematic variables (RR 2.67 to 3.43) as risk factors for patellofemoral pain; and plantar loading variables (forefoot, midfoot, rearfoot) as risk factors for Achilles tendinopathy (SMD 0.81 to 1.08). While there were significant findings from individual studies for plantar loading variables (SMD 0.3 to 0.84) and rearfoot kinematic variables (SMD 0.29 to 0.62) as risk factors for 'non-specific lower limb overuse injuries', these were often conflicting regarding different anatomical regions of the foot. Findings from three studies indicated no evidence that dynamic foot function is a risk factor for iliotibial band syndrome or lower limb stress fractures. Conclusion: This systematic review identified very limited evidence that dynamic foot function during walking and running is a risk factor for patellofemoral pain, Achilles tendinopathy, and non-specific lower limb overuse injuries. It is unclear whether these risk factors can be identified clinically (without sophisticated equipment), or modified to prevent or manage these injuries. Future prospective cohort studies should address methodological limitations, avoid grouping different lower limb overuse injuries, and explore clinically meaningful representations of dynamic foot function.

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“…Many researchers have used footprints as inclusion criteria for investigations. [16][17][18][19][20] However, the evaluation of foot structure, using footprints alone, is dubious, unless the relationship between footprints and foot posture is known. Footprints can influence clinicians and researchers to identify 'flat feet' from foot prints as a functionally 'pronated' foot (or 'cavus feet' from footprints as 'supinated' feet).…”

Section: What This Paper Addsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinicians may use footprints for initial diagnosis or outcome indicators or for the use of foot orthoses. Many researchers have used footprints as inclusion criteria for investigations . However, the evaluation of foot structure, using footprints alone, is dubious, unless the relationship between footprints and foot posture is known.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the paediatric foot using footprints and foot posture index: A cross‐sectional study

Gijón-Noguerón

Marchena‐Rodriguez

Montes-Alguacil

et al. 2019

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Aim Footprints have long been used as proxy measures of foot morphology, yet there is little consensus regarding footprints versus measures of foot posture, which address foot anatomy directly. Foot posture in children can be a confusing clinical presentation, with previous studies both supporting and refuting the relationship between childhood obesity and flat feet. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between footprints and foot posture in children. Methods A total of 316 school children (153 boys, 163 girls) from Spain, aged 6–9 years, were assessed for both footprint (Clarke's angle (CA)), by Tecniwork Pedrograph Plate, and foot posture (foot posture index (FPI)) measures, with participants barefoot, in a relaxed standing position, on a 50‐cm elevated platform. Results A negative correlation was found between FPI and footprints (CA) (rho = −0.505 left, P < 0.001) and by gender (rho = −0.457 for the left foot in girls, P < 0.001; rho = −0.548 for the left foot in boys, P < 0.001). The children with pes cavus according to the CA (73.3%) had normal feet according to FPI, and the children with severe pes planus according to the CA (78.98%) had pronated feet according to the FPI. A χ2 test showed these results to be statistically significant (P > 0.001). Conclusions An inverse relationship between CA and FPI was identified, that is, the greater the FPI, the smaller the CA, but not all pronated foot are planus feet and not all cavus feet are supinated feet. Footprints may overestimate and misguide paediatric foot posture concerns.

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Foot posture is associated with morphometry of the peroneus longus muscle, tibialis anterior tendon, and Achilles tendon

Cited by 45 publications

References 38 publications

Morphometric evaluation of human tendocalcaneus: a cadaveric study of south indian male population

Morphometric evaluation of human tendocalcaneus: a cadaveric study of south indian male population

Dynamic foot function as a risk factor for lower limb overuse injury: A systematic review

Evaluation of the paediatric foot using footprints and foot posture index: A cross‐sectional study

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