“For the Fatherland and the State”: Armenians Negotiate the Tanzimat Reforms

Ueno, Masayuki

doi:10.1017/s0020743812001274

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…28 From the 1860s onward, provincial Armenians' complaints to the authorities intensified: they claimed they were forced to pay taxes twice-once to the central government and later to their Kurdish landlords; they reported that many of them were being reduced to tenancy on their own land by predatory lending and outright force; they complained many official posts remained closed to them despite promises to the contrary. 29 As peasant grievances mounted, the Armenian National Assembly submitted reports to the Ottoman government to address them. By the last quarter of the nineteenth century, these grievances had reached imperial and international audiences, constituting a central component of the aforementioned Armenian Question.…”

Section: Faces Of Reform and The Making Of The Armenian Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence, Armenian Women, and the "Armenian Question" in the Late Ottoman Empire

Altıntaş¹

2022

Journal of Women's History

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This article examines the wave of violence against Armenian women and their response within the context of the unfolding of the "Armenian Question" during the reign of sultan Abdülhamid II. The Armenian Question consisted of multiple local, imperial, and international disputes over the status and self-administration of Ottoman Armenians. The last quarter of the nineteenth century marked a sharp increase in pogrom and state violence against Ottoman Armenians. Armenian women, particularly in the provinces, were abducted and forced into marriages by civilian perpetrators or subjected to sexual violence by gendarmes and soldiers. Many attempted to return to their communities and bring the perpetrators to justice. The article emphasizes the active role Armenian women played in using new and established methods to mobilize their communities and seek redress from imperial and foreign officials.

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Section: Faces Of Reform and The Making Of The Armenian Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence, Armenian Women, and the "Armenian Question" in the Late Ottoman Empire

Altıntaş¹

2022

Journal of Women's History

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“…The line of supporters standing shoulder to shoulder with CCP leaders on Tian'anmen Gate embodied the promise of political stability and an inclusive government. 1 Among them were eminent figures such as Shen Junru 沈鈞儒 (1875, Zhang Lan 張瀾 (1872-1955), Song Qingling 宋慶齡 (1893-1981, and Li Jishen 李濟深 (1885-1959 as representatives of several left-leaning smaller parties and associations that had formed during the Republican period . Under the direction of the CCP's United Front Work Department (tongzhanbu 統戰部), they had laid the groundwork for the convening of a new political body, the Chinese People's Consultative Conference (CPPCC), in September 1949.…”

Section: Notes Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planting Parliaments in Eurasia, 1850–1950

Sablin¹,

Bandeira²

2021

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Parliaments are often seen as Western European and North American institutions and their establishment in other parts of the world as a derivative and mostly defective process. This book challenges such Eurocentric visions by retracing the evolution of modern institutions of collective decision-making in Eurasia. Breaching the divide between different area studies, the book provides nine case studies covering the area between the eastern edge of Asia and Eastern Europe, including the former Russian, Ottoman, Qing, and Japanese Empires as well as their successor states. In particular, it explores the appeals to concepts of parliamentarism, deliberative decision-making, and constitutionalism; historical practices related to parliamentarism; and political mythologies across Eurasia. It focuses on the historical and "reestablished" institutions of decision-making, which consciously hark back to indigenous traditions and adapt them to the changing circumstances in imperial and postimperial contexts. Thereby, the book explains how representative institutions were needed for the establishment of modernized empires or postimperial states but at the same time offered a connection to the past.

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“…14 More recently, scholars have turned their attention to how Ottoman subjects responded to and negotiated the reforms. 15 This article takes inspiration from this revisionist literature in considering how the Süryani reacted to the Tanzimat reforms. It furthers this literature not simply by examining a particular feature of the Tanzimat bureaucracy-concern with the documentary record-but also by demonstrating how this documentary sensibility precipitated a reformulation of Süryani communal identity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Documenting Community in the Late Ottoman Empire

Clements

2019

Int. J. Middle East Stud.

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This article traces a conflict that erupted in the late 19th century between the Armenians and the Süryani. This conflict, I argue, precipitated nothing less than the creation of the Süryani community itself. The dispute began over the key to a closet in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, but it quickly evolved. Soon, the Armenians and the Süryani were clashing over holy places all around Jerusalem. The dispute centered on an Ottoman administrative arrangement which had been institutionalized nearly 400 years earlier: yamaklık. The Ottoman investigators, however, were unfamiliar with this archaic arrangement and had to be reeducated as to its terms and its history. The Süryani and the Armenians offered divergent accounts. Where the Armenians furnished hard documentation, however, the Süryani could produce only claims to tradition and local practice. In this article I argue that, through this protracted conflict, the Süryani came to understand the importance of the documentary record in a post-Tanzimat Ottoman world. They thus turned to an alternative strategy that would conform to this documentary sensibility and render their community visible to the state: a series of petitions with thousands of Süryani signatures from around the Ottoman Empire.

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“For the Fatherland and the State”: Armenians Negotiate the Tanzimat Reforms

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Violence, Armenian Women, and the "Armenian Question" in the Late Ottoman Empire

Violence, Armenian Women, and the "Armenian Question" in the Late Ottoman Empire

Planting Parliaments in Eurasia, 1850–1950

Documenting Community in the Late Ottoman Empire

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