For the students, by the students: Student perceptions of low cost medical moulage in a resource-constrained environment

Makkink, Andrew William; Slabber, Helen

doi:10.1016/j.afjem.2019.08.003

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The fact that moulage have been successfully used e.g. in Brazil, South Africa, Pakistan, or Spain, where darker skin tones are more common [ 11 , 33 – 35 ], as well as settings with more diverse SP [ 14 ] shows that the concept of moulage in education is as such not restricted by skin tones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, production and evaluation of 2-dimensional transfer tattoos to simulate skin conditions in health professions education

et al. 2021

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Background Moulages can greatly extend the possibilities of simulation in teaching and assessment. Since moulages that fit an educator’s exact needs are often unavailable commercially, this paper explains how 2-dimensional transfer tattoos can be independently developed, produced, and evaluated. Methods From representative photographs of the specific skin condition an analogue copy of the pathological finding is drawn. Once validated by the medical expert, it can be digitized by scanning and processed using graphics software. The final digital image file is printed onto transfer paper. Once applied and fixed onto the intended wearer, usually a simulated patient, its authenticity can be confirmed, and further transfer tattoos can be produced. Results Using this moulage technique we produced 10 different 2-dimensional transfer tattoos to date, including hematoma, Janeway lesions and splinter nails. These moulages are used in clinical skills training, formative and high-stakes summative assessment in undergraduate medical and nursing programs. Conclusions By sharing our development process for 2-dimensional transfer tattoos, health profession educators can produce their own that best fit their local educational needs. Due to their high authenticity and standardization, 2-dimensional transfer tattoos are ideal for use in high-stakes assessment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, production and evaluation of 2-dimensional transfer tattoos to simulate skin conditions in health professions education

et al. 2021

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“…The use of low-cost, homemade moulages is a practical and economically viable means of improving realism in a resource-limited simulation environment. Furthermore, this technique is not constrained to emergency medical care, as many may believe, but can be used in other areas of healthcare simulation [12].…”

Section: Why Do We Need To Find Inexpensive Means Of Moulage?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost moulage in Healthcare Simulation: Review of Its Use, Utility, and Perceptions

Jariwala¹,

Zidoun²,

Alfroukh³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Simulation plays a crucial role in health studies, as it helps medical students apply their theoretical knowledge in real-life situations. Moulage is one of the techniques that helps in making simulation more realistic or high-fidelity. It uses special effects to emulate wounds for a better understanding of what the wound is like visually. Still, moulage is expensive, time-consuming, resource-intensive, and requires the training of staff, which is why we need to find low-cost substitutes for moulage materials. Method: When searching the database “PubMed” for the terms “Low-cost and Medical moulage”, we retrieved 222 studies, out of which when excluding results not related to low-cost, we obtained 62 studies, from which when removing studies that do not contain information regarding moulage, we found two papers, after referring to citations and cited articles of those papers, we ended up with six studies. Based on the selected articles and additional articles sourced from their reference list, a total of 11 studies were included in the review. Results: We understand that moulage is a technique that helps make simulations come alive, but the resources required to use it are at times, expensive, which is why we need to find methods to do low-cost moulage, and many studies address that it can be as simple as using homemade ingredients. Students from a previous study have talked about their opinions regarding the realistic component of moulage and whether if it is any different from other moulages. Most of the students agreed that the moulage ranked well in face and content validity. However, further innovations must be introduced in the field to be widely spread and lead to newer opportunities. Conclusion: Although the research done under moulage is limited, it is accepted that moulage is helpful for simulation-based studies and that low-cost moulage can help make medical studies a better experience for students studying it. Students have a favorable opinion on the realistic aspect of the low-cost moulage applied to them. Newer methods can be introduced to moulage, and it can be implemented in low-income countries.

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“…The use of simulation-based learning in medical education gives the chance for medical students to get real-world experience. So, the degree of simulation fidelity depends on the status of the simulation realism [1]. Therefore, we can assess the fidelity of simulation by measuring the face validity and content validity wherein the face validity means how the simulation is realistic while the content validity denotes to the appropriateness of the simulation for the learning objectives [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Use Moulage as a Simulation Tool in Medical Education?

Elshama¹

2020

Iberoam J Med

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The promotion of student engagement in simulation-based learning depends on authenticity, fidelity, and realism. Moulage is a simulation of illnesses or physical signs onto standardized patient or manikin via using makeup techniques or other elements acting as visual and tactile cues to promote learner engagement through more real-world experience. Therefore, moulage may be used broadly in medical education wherein its authenticity helps to improve the learning outcomes and performance of students in different medical branches such as dermatology, surgery, emergency medicine, anatomy, and forensic medicine. Nowadays, Moulage is already used in the assessment of a medical student as well as in the learning process in many medical schools. However, although the use of moulage as a creative simulation tool in medical education has a positive impact on the educational process, it faces many obstacles and challenges at the same time along with its tangible benefits. Therefore, moulage is not magic as well as it is not fantasy or mock, but it is a fantastic vehicle for representing and simulating the real event promoting realism and motivating students' engagement and immersion.

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For the students, by the students: Student perceptions of low cost medical moulage in a resource-constrained environment

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Development, production and evaluation of 2-dimensional transfer tattoos to simulate skin conditions in health professions education

Development, production and evaluation of 2-dimensional transfer tattoos to simulate skin conditions in health professions education

Low-cost moulage in Healthcare Simulation: Review of Its Use, Utility, and Perceptions

How to Use Moulage as a Simulation Tool in Medical Education?

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