1978
DOI: 10.1080/15287397809529663
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Forage plant estrogens

Abstract: Forage plant estrogens occur at high levels in certain forage species. Such levels are responsible for reproductive and other effects in animals. Current progress regarding the chemical, metabolic, and biological effects, as well as occurrence of the several naturally occurring forage estrogens, is described. Forage estrogens occur as natural plant responses to foliar and other plant diseases. Their potency in animals is approximately 1/1000 to 1/10,000 that of the principal animal hormones such as estradiol. … Show more

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Cited by 77 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…Both these compounds are abundant in many food sources (Livingston, 1978;Verdeal and Ryan, 1979;Kuiper-Goodman et al, 1987), bind to the human ER with a relatively high affinity (Miksicek, 1994), and stimulate growth in estrogen sensitive cell lines (Mayr et al, 1992).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both these compounds are abundant in many food sources (Livingston, 1978;Verdeal and Ryan, 1979;Kuiper-Goodman et al, 1987), bind to the human ER with a relatively high affinity (Miksicek, 1994), and stimulate growth in estrogen sensitive cell lines (Mayr et al, 1992).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, others think that endocrine-active chemicals do not pose a significant health risk, particularly in view of the fact that hormone mimics exist in the natural environment. Examples of natural hormone mimics are the isoflavinoid phytoestrogens (Adlercreutz 1995;Livingston 1978;Mayr et al 1992). These chemicals are derived from plants and are similar in structure and action to endogenous estrogen.…”
Section: Toxicities Mediated Through the Neuroendocrine Axismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They are collectively termed phytoestrogens, comprising isoflavones, coumestans and lignans, of which isoflavones in soybeans and coumestans in Medicago species such as alfalfa, are well-known (Livingston, 1978;Fletcher, 2003;Dixon, 2004). The oestrogenic substance zearalenone is also found in Fusarium species of fungi, which are common contaminants of cereals (Zinedine et al, 2007;EFSA Journal 2010;8(11):19328(11): Mantovani et al, 2009.…”
Section: Exposure To Naturally Occurring Easmentioning
confidence: 99%