Forage systems for beef production from conception to slaughter: II. Stocker systems

Allen, V. R.; Jp, Fontenot; Dr, Notter

doi:10.2527/1992.702588x

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…hay or silage, had lower ADG, less marbling, and were of lower quality grade than those wintered on orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.)/ alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay. The mean ADG during winter of steers and heifers for N-fertilized tall fescue hay or silage was 0.18 and 0.07 kg, respectively, vs. 0.50 kg for those wintered on orchardgrass-alfalfa hay (Allen et al, 1992). It is unclear if the negative impact on carcass characteristics was due to forage type, nutrient amendment, or rate of gain during winter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of winter stocker growth rate and finishing system on: I. Animal performance and carcass characteristics1,2

Neel¹,

Fontenot

Clapham³

et al. 2007

Journal of Animal Science

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Angus-crossbred steers (n = 216) were used in a 3-yr study to assess the effects of winter stocker growth rate and finishing system on finishing performance and carcass characteristics. During winter months (December to April) steers were randomly allotted to 3 stocker growth rates: low (0.23 kg x d(-1)), medium (0.45 kg x d(-1)), or high (0.68 kg x d(-1)). Upon completion of the winter phase, steers were randomly allotted within each stocker treatment to a corn silage-concentrate or pasture finishing system. All steers regardless of finishing treatment were finished to an equal-time endpoint to eliminate confounding of treatments with animal age or seasonal factors. Upon completion of the finishing period, steers were slaughtered in 2 groups (one-half of pasture and one-half of feedlot cattle each time) and carcass data were collected. Winter data were analyzed as a completely randomized design, with winter treatment, pen replicate, year, and the winter x year interaction in the model. Finishing performance and carcass data were analyzed in a split-plot design with finishing system in the whole plot, and winter growth rate and winter x finish in the split-plot. Winter treatment mean within finishing replication was the experimental unit, and year was considered a random effect. Winter stocker phase treatments resulted in differences (P < 0.001) in final BW, ADG, and ultrasound LM area between all treatments for that phase. Pasture-finished cattle had lower (P < 0.001) final BW, ADG, HCW, LM area, fat thickness, KPH, dressing percent, USDA yield grade, and USDA quality grade. Winter stocker treatment influenced (P < 0.05) final BW and HCW, with low and medium being less than high. Steers with low stocker gain had greater (P < 0.05) finishing ADG. Dressing percent was greater (P < 0.001) for high than low, and USDA quality grade was greater (P < 0.05) for high than low and medium. Carcass LM area, fat thickness, KPH, and USDA yield grade were not influenced (P > 0.05) by winter rate of gain. Cattle on low during winter exhibited compensatory gain during finishing but were unable to catch the high group regarding BW or HCW. The USDA quality grade was greater for high than low or medium. Animal performance during the winter stocker period clearly impacts finishing performance, carcass quality and beef production in both pasture- and feedlot-finishing systems, when cattle were finished to an equal-time endpoint.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of winter stocker growth rate and finishing system on: I. Animal performance and carcass characteristics1,2

Neel¹,

Fontenot

Clapham³

et al. 2007

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Allen et al [10] reported that body weight gains of calves grazing stockpiled pastures of alfalfa-tall fescue were greater than those grazing red clover-tall fescue or N-fertilized tall fescue. Ladino clover in endophyte-infected tall fescue also resulted in better average animal gains than red clover or Korean lespedeza [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing Legumes in a Tall Fescue Sward

Min¹,

Moyer²

2015

AJPS

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Tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.] is a common grass species in the eastern half of the USA, but legumes grown with it could provide benefits. Obstacles to legume establishment in fescue pastures include disease, insect damage, and grass competition. Experiments were performed in 2010 and 2011 at Site 1 to test the efficacy of insect control, disease control, and two methods of grass suppression on seedling establishment of three legumes. The highest seedling density of red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) was obtained with glyphosate treatment regardless of pest control and for clipping without pest control. No overall or consistent benefit was found for white clover (Trifolium pretense L.) or trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) from seed and foliar insecticides or fungicides, or for grass suppression by either clipping or glyphosate application. Experiments were performed in 2012 and 2013 at Site 2 to test the efficacy of grass suppression by grazing cattle or by clethodim application. Seedling density of red clover was not significantly improved by either treatment, but the density of birdsfoot trefoil was increased by clethodim, and the density of white clover was increased in 2013 by both methods of grass suppression. Overall, red clover was least sensitive to grass competition. Birdsfoot trefoil was better served by the immediate effect of chemical suppression, whereas white clover benefitted most from the lengthier grass suppression provided by grazing.

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“…Nitrogen‐fertilized tall fescue and tall fescue‐red clover were stockpiled each year beginning in early August immediately following the final summer grazing (0.8‐inch sward height). Stockpiling tall fescue‐alfalfa was delayed until early September because previous results showed that earlier stockpiling allowed alfalfa to become over‐mature before grazing began (1,3). Yearling Angus steers and heifers (average initial weight 550 lb) began grazing stockpiled forages in early November (stocking rate = one yearling per 0.67 acre).…”

Section: Long‐term Grazing Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fertilization or Legumes in Tall Fescue Pastures Affect Soil and Forage Nitrogen

Vines

Allen

Alley

et al. 2006

Forage & Grazinglands

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Including legumes in pastures improves forage quality and may reduce nitrate leaching into ground water. In a six‐year grazing experiment, ‘Kentucky 31’ tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) was fertilized with N at 80 lb/acre each August and April or was grown with either alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) or red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) without N fertilizer with three replicates of each system in a randomized design. Stockpiled forages were winter grazed by stocker cattle and summer forages were harvested as hay. Soils were mixed Typic Hapludults. During years five and six, effects of N fertilization or the legume on soil N, N uptake, and forage yield were investigated. Soil NH4 and NO3 were higher in the A than B horizon. Soil NH4 was higher and NO3 was lower in fescue‐red clover soils than where N‐fertilized fescue or fescue‐alfalfa was grown. Soil nitrate did not exceed 3 ppm. Annual nitrogen uptake for the two sampling years in fescue‐red clover, fescue‐alfalfa, and N‐fertilized grass was 239, 277, and 162 lb of N per acre, respectively, with annual biomass yields of 4.7, 5.8, and 4.7 tons/acre. After six years, potential for NO3 leaching beyond the B horizon appeared low but may be influenced by legume species.

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Forage systems for beef production from conception to slaughter: II. Stocker systems

Cited by 32 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of winter stocker growth rate and finishing system on: I. Animal performance and carcass characteristics1,2

Effects of winter stocker growth rate and finishing system on: I. Animal performance and carcass characteristics1,2

Establishing Legumes in a Tall Fescue Sward

Nitrogen Fertilization or Legumes in Tall Fescue Pastures Affect Soil and Forage Nitrogen

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