Foraging costs drive within-colony spatial segregation in shearwaters from two contrasting environments in the North Atlantic Ocean

Pereira, Jorge M.; Ramos, Jaime A.; Almeida, Nathalie; Araújo, Pedro M.; Ceia, Filipe R.; Geraldes, Pedro; Marques, Ana M.; Matos, Diana M.; Rodrigues, Isabel; Santos, Ivo dos; Paiva, Vítor H.

doi:10.1007/s00442-022-05109-8

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…At the large scale, between neighbouring colonies, occurrences of such segregation were shown in various taxa and have been previously extensively reviewed (Bolton et al, 2019). At a smaller scale, between sub-colonies or very close colonies, there is an obvious and likely artificial bias towards studies on marine species (seabirds: Bogdanova et al, 2014;Ceia et al, 2015;Hipfner et al, 2007;Ito et al, 2020;Masello et al, 2010;Morinay et al, 2022;Pereira et al, 2022;Sánchez et al, 2018; and one sea mammal: Kuhn et al, 2014), except for this present study on a terrestrial raptor. Despite the more limiting, yet expanding, number of studies conducted at this small scale, we suggest that spatial segregation of foraging grounds could be widespread as the same mechanisms seem to act at all scales.…”

Section: Spatial Segregation: a Pattern Across Scalesmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…Indeed, when colonies are large enough, they rarely constitute a cohesive entity but are rather split into smaller homogeneous sub-units (hereafter, subcolonies), sometimes separated by physical barriers (e.g. rock crevices on the two sides of a promontory, Pereira et al, 2022;Waggitt et al, 2014). Ecologically, an important distinction to be made between colony-and sub-colony-scale segregation is that foraging individuals from distinct sub-colonies depart from very close locations without any foraging opportunities in-between.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We may thus expect some population-level behavioural response in individuals from different sub-colonies with respect to intra-colony competition, like spatial segregation of foraging grounds (Bolton et al, 2019). Few empirical studies, largely restricted to marine species, have explored spatial foraging segregation withincolonies compared to between neighbouring colonies (Masello et al, 2010a;Bogdanova et al, 2014;Kuhn et al, 2014;Waggitt et al, 2014;Ceia et al, 2015;Sánchez et al, 2018;Ito et al, 2020;Morinay et al, 2022;Pereira et al, 2022). These studies, showing partly contrasting patterns, have not provided any firm conclusion yet as whether this phenomenon is widespread at this smaller scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Within-colony segregation of foraging areas: from patterns to processes

Morinay¹,

Riotte‐Lambert²,

Aarts³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Spatial segregation of foraging areas among conspecifics breeding in different colonies has been observed in several colonial vertebrates and is assumed to originate from competition and information use. Segregation between sub-groups of foraging animals from the same colony (hereafter sub-colonies) has comparatively received limited attention, even though it may have strong impacts on colony structure and individual fitness, and thus on population dynamics of colonial species. Here we (1) used empirical data on a colonial bird and (2) developed an Individual Based Model (IBM) to shed light on the processes driving small-scale spatial segregation of foraging areas. Through the IBM, we tested whether memory and competition alone, without social information use, could explain the observed patterns of spatial segregation. By GPS tracking breeding lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni), we found that foraging areas of individuals breeding in two distinct sub-colonies within a large colony were significantly spatially segregated. Individuals from the two sub-colonies showed different departure bearings and encountered different habitats but did not differ in any fitness- or dispersal-related trait. Yet, individuals from a same sub-colony did not seem to follow departing or returning individuals when leaving for a foraging trip. The IBM showed that such collective spatial segregation does not necessitate any social information use to emerge: personal information and memory may be sufficient to mechanistically explain intra-colony segregation of foraging areas. Our results do not question the fact that colonies act as information centres, and that individuals may rely on social information for foraging. Instead, they suggest that within-colony spatial dynamics, arising from simple mechanisms not involving information sharing, might be widespread in colonial systems. While colonies have long been thought as single cohesive entities, we call for a careful generalisation of foraging data collected over a spatially limited part of colonies.

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Section: Spatial Segregation: a Pattern Across Scalesmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Within-colony segregation of foraging areas: from patterns to processes

Morinay¹,

Riotte‐Lambert²,

Aarts³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Increased foraging effort is a common response of central place foragers to decreased food availability 46 – 48 . Most studies that have evaluated changes in effort explained by changes in food availability have used indirect measures of food availability such as indexes of large scale climate systems 46 , 49 , productivity or vertical position of the mixed layer 24 , 47 and the behaviour of the bird itself 31 , 50 . Studies that used direct indicators of food availability, such as ours, found that effort was higher when food availability was lower, be it in Antarctica 51 , 52 or elsewhere 53 , 54 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting environmental conditions precluded lower availability of Antarctic krill affecting breeding chinstrap penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula

Salmerón

Belle

Cruz

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Dramatic decreases of chinstrap penguin populations across the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) are thought to be influenced by climate-driven changes affecting its main prey, the Antarctic krill, however, empirical evidence supporting such hypotheses are scarce. By coupling data on breeding chinstrap penguins, environmental remote sensing and estimates of krill acoustic density, we were able to demonstrate that penguins substantially increased their foraging effort in a year of low krill availability, with consequent reduction in breeding success. A winter of low sea ice cover followed by a summer/spring with stronger wind and lower marine productivity explained the lower and deeper krill availability. Our results highlight the importance of environmental variability on penguin populations, as variability is expected to increase under climate change, affecting foraging behaviour responses.

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“…During the breeding season, pelagic seabirds usually adopt a 'dual foraging' strategy, involving repeated alternation of several short foraging trips used mainly to search food for the offspring, with long foraging trips used for adult self-provisioning to replenish the nutritional reserves depleted during successive chick-provisioning trips (Weimerskirch et al 1994;Congdon et al 2005;Magalhães et al 2008). For species breeding at low pro table areas, long foraging trips often extend to areas of enhanced productivity, associated with shelf slopes, continental shelves, or frontal zones (Magalhães et al 2008;Pereira et al 2022). Given the lack of SSD, and an apparent equal investment of both sexes in breeding duties, we do not expect a strong sex-speci c segregation in the foraging behaviour or spatial distribution within short and long foraging trips.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Sexual segregation in the foraging distribution, behaviour, and trophic niche of the endemic Boyd’s shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri boydi)

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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Studies on sex-speci c segregation in foraging and trophic niche have been focused on large and dimorphic seabirds, with less information on small monomorphic species. Here, we used mini-GPS loggers, habitat suitability models, and stable isotopes to assess the foraging movements, at-sea spatial distribution, and trophic ecology of male and female Boyd's shearwaters Pu nus lherminieri boydi in Raso Islet (16°36' N, 24°35' W), Cabo Verde, during the breeding seasons of 2018-2019. The existence of sexual foraging segregation was tested in short and long foraging trips. Females engaged on longer foraging trips, travelling towards more distant and northward regions from the colony when compared to males, especially during long foraging excursions. Spatial overlap within and between sexes was generally low, indicating a sex-speci c pattern in the foraging behaviour and spatial distribution of adult breeders. Habitat suitability models revealed a higher importance for chlorophyll a concentration in explaining females' at-sea distribution during long foraging trips when compared to males, although the most important predictors in explaining adults' distribution were sea surface temperature and height for short and long excursions, respectively. Stable isotope analysis revealed that both sexes occupied similar isotopic niches and stable isotope mixing models revealed no diet differences. This indicates that Boyd's shearwaters segregate at the spatial level while foraging but rely on similar food resources. Our results suggest that female-biased nutritional requirements at the onset of chick-rearing may be driving sexual foraging segregation in this population, which depends upon resources from a rather oligotrophic environment.

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Foraging costs drive within-colony spatial segregation in shearwaters from two contrasting environments in the North Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 12 publications

References 70 publications

Within-colony segregation of foraging areas: from patterns to processes

Within-colony segregation of foraging areas: from patterns to processes

Contrasting environmental conditions precluded lower availability of Antarctic krill affecting breeding chinstrap penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula

Sexual segregation in the foraging distribution, behaviour, and trophic niche of the endemic Boyd’s shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri boydi)

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