Foraminiferal, radiolarian, and dinoflagellate biostratigraphy of Late Cretaceous to Middle Eocene pelagic sediments (Muzzle Group), Mead Stream, Marlborough, New Zealand

Strong, C. P.; Hollis, Christopher J.; Wilson, Graeme J.

doi:10.1080/00288306.1995.9514649

Cited by 85 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…By accommodating this condensed interval and lithologic and biostratigraphic evidence for a disconformity in the upper part of the section (Hollis 1997), a linear sedimentation rate of 15 mm/ka can be applied to the main part of the Paleocene section. This rate is similar to that estimated for Maastrichtian-Paleocene Mead Hill Formation at Mead Stream (16 mm/ka; Strong et al 1995), which is corroborated for the Paleocene interval by new detailed studies of the Mead section (e.g., Hollis et al 2000). Thus, a background sedimentation rate of 15 mm/ka is assumed for intervals in the Woodside and Flaxbourne sections where bedding features (thickness, terrigenous content) are similar to the Paleocene at Woodside Creek.…”

Section: Age Modelssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…If the age model is valid, this baseline increase in TRG is only an increase relative to the biogenic contribution, with TRG accumulation rate stable through the K-T transition. This relative increase in terrigenous clay and changes in benthic foraminiferal assemblages have been previously used to infer a significant fall in sea level across the K/T boundary (Strong 1977;Strong et al 1995;Field et al 1997). Alternatively, these changes may be direct outcomes of reduced biogenic supply combined with terrestrial and oceanic ecosystem disruption following the K/T impact (Zachos et al 1989;Vajda et al 2001).…”

Section: Phase 2 K/t Boundary (0-002 Cm; 65 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Paleoenvironmental changes across the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary at Flaxbourne River and Woodside Creek, eastern Marlborough, New Zealand

Hollis¹,

Strong

Rodgers

et al. 2003

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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An integrated study of variation in siliceous microfossils, lithofacies, and other geochemical guides to environmental conditions through the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary transition at Flaxbourne River and Woodside Creek, coastal eastern Marlborough, indicates that the K/T impact disrupted oceanic conditions along the continental margin of eastern New Zealand for c. 1 m.y. Initial effects of the K/T event were a major reduction in carbonate production, associated with calcareous plankton extinctions, and significant increases in terrigenous clay and biogenic silica content. An absence of radiolarian extinctions or significant negative excursions in paleo-productivity indicators (Ba, d 13 C) at the boundary, followed by rapid increases in the abundance of diatoms and spumellarian radiolarians, indicate that biogenic silica production partly compensated for the collapse in calcareous plankton.The earliest Paleocene recovery of calcareous plankton was short-lived, giving way to a progressive increase in siliceous plankton abundance over c. 500 000 yr, which culminated in a c. 400 000 yr episode of peak biogenic silica production. The dominance of siliceous facies, coupled with the abundance of diatoms and spumellarian radiolarians, indicates climatic or oceanic conditions were significantly cooler than in the Late Cretaceous. Stepped increases in biogenic silica production show c. 100 000 yr periodicity, suggesting that early Paleocene lithofacies changes were influenced by climate forcing agents at the eccentricity bandwidth.

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Section: Age Modelssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Phase 2 K/t Boundary (0-002 Cm; 65 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Paleoenvironmental changes across the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary at Flaxbourne River and Woodside Creek, eastern Marlborough, New Zealand

Hollis¹,

Strong

Rodgers

et al. 2003

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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“…Only few comparisons may be made to New Zealand (e.g., Wilson, 1985Wilson, , 1988Strong et al, 1995;Edbrooke et al, 1998), DSDP Sites 280 and 281 (Crouch and Hollis, 1996), Seymour Island (Wrenn and Hart, 1988),…”

Section: Qualitative and Semiquantitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dinoflagellate Cysts from the Eocene–Oligocene Transition in the Southern Ocean: Results from ODP Leg 189

Sluijs¹,

Brinkhuis²,

Stickley³

et al. 2003

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

118

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“…A central aim of this new phase of K/T boundary research in New Zealand has been to determine if major changes in lithofacies across the boundary in Marlborough, as identified in reconnaissance studies Strong et al 1995), were directly related to the predicted short-term catastrophic effects of the impact of a giant asteroid (Alvarez et al 1980;Pope et al 1997;Pope 2002). Detailed multidisciplinary studies of six sections, four within the Marlborough sub-basin, have made a great many important discoveries but have failed to resolve this issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary event in New Zealand: Profiling mass extinction

Hollis¹

2003

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Of over 20 known Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary sections in the New Zealand region, 6 in the northern South Island were selected for detailed biostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental study because of their apparent stratigraphic completeness and the range of depositional environments represented. These sections represent the only known southern high-latitude (55-60°S) transect of the K/T boundary transition from continental slope to terrestrial mire.The K/T boundary is marked by deposition of an impact fallout layer in four of these sections, and a disconformity representing a hiatus of < 100 000 yr in the remaining two sections (Mead and Branch Streams). In the terrestrial Moody Creek Mine and shallow marine mid-Waipara sections, rapid and widespread destruction of forests is shown by abrupt replacement of mixed forest pollen and spore assemblages by assemblages dominated by few species of ground ferns. Foraminiferal and radiolarian biostratigraphy indicates that within 100 000 yr these ferns were replaced by a cool-temperate conifer-dominated assemblage that persisted until c. 63.5 Ma. In the marine sections, an abrupt decrease in carbonate content reflects a major decline in carbonate production associated with mass extinction of calcareous plankton, although several smaller species of planktic foraminifera persist for c. 100 000 yr into the Paleocene.In four sections in Marlborough (Flaxbourne, Woodside, Mead, and Branch), which represent a transect across a coastal upwelling zone, paleoproductivity proxies (excess SiO 2 , excess Ba, Ba/Al, δ 13 C) indicate that the decline in calcareous plankton was partly offset by sustained siliceous plankton productivity. Extinctions of thermophilic foraminifera, survival of cosmopolitan foraminifera, and expansion of diatoms and spumellarian radiolarians indicate that pronounced cooling occurred across the K/T boundary. A subsequent decline in planktic foraminifera and in carbonate content, associated with a progressive increase in siliceous plankton productivity, indicates that further cooling resulted in dominantly biosiliceous sediment being deposited in the core of the Marlborough upwelling zone from c. 64.9 to 63.5 Ma. The onset of this biosiliceous event at c. 64. Ma and a later major increase in biogenic silica in the deepwater sections (Flaxbourne, Woodside) at c. 64.6 Ma are correlated with sea-level falls in the shelf section (Branch) and are also linked to eustatic events recorded in Europe and North and Central America.These early Paleocene regressive events within a cool climatic regime are the probable cause of incomplete K/T boundary records in most of New Zealand. It remains uncertain if they are directly related to the K/T bolide impact, the short-term effects of which may have disrupted the global climate system for millions of years, or are related to other factors such as tectonism or fluctuating CO 2 emissions from Deccan volcanism.

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Foraminiferal, radiolarian, and dinoflagellate biostratigraphy of Late Cretaceous to Middle Eocene pelagic sediments (Muzzle Group), Mead Stream, Marlborough, New Zealand

Cited by 85 publications

References 28 publications

Paleoenvironmental changes across the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary at Flaxbourne River and Woodside Creek, eastern Marlborough, New Zealand

Paleoenvironmental changes across the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary at Flaxbourne River and Woodside Creek, eastern Marlborough, New Zealand

Dinoflagellate Cysts from the Eocene–Oligocene Transition in the Southern Ocean: Results from ODP Leg 189

The Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary event in New Zealand: Profiling mass extinction

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