Force decay and discoloration of thermoplastic and thermoset orthodontic elastomeric chains

Moghaddam, Saeid Foroughi; Kamali, Mohammad Damavandi

doi:10.4322/bds.2022.e2612

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…As the number of loops increases, the force degradation rate decreases. Other variables include the material used to make the loops [ 3 ]; and oral environments, such as the presence of saliva or different types of oral bacteria [ 1 , 5 , 7 , 32 ] and color stability [ 4 ] on the degradation of elastomeric chains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of filament types and loops number on the force degradation of elastomeric chains used for orthodontic treatment: an in-vitro study

Zheng

Al-Somairi

et al. 2023

BMC Oral Health

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Background In orthodontic treatment, closing spaces, specifically the extraction and scattered spaces of the anterior teeth, requires some auxiliary bias, such as an elastomeric chain. Many factors affect the mechanical properties of elastic chains. In this study, we investigated the relationship of the filament type, the number of loops, and the force degradation of elastomeric chains under thermal cycling conditions. Methods The orthogonal design included three filament types (i.e., close, medium, and long). Four, five, and six loops of each elastomeric chain were stretched to have an initial force of 250 g in an artificial saliva environment at 37 °C and thermocycling between 5 and 55 °C three times a day. The remaining force of the elastomeric chains was recorded at different time points (4 h, 24 h, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days), and the percentage of the remaining force was calculated. Results The force decreased significantly in the initial 4 h and degraded mostly within the first 24 h. In addition, the percentage of force degradation increased slightly between 1 and 28 days. Conclusions Under the same initial force, the longer the connecting body is, the fewer the number of loops and the greater the force degradation of the elastomeric chain are.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of filament types and loops number on the force degradation of elastomeric chains used for orthodontic treatment: an in-vitro study

Zheng

Al-Somairi

et al. 2023

BMC Oral Health

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Ortodontik Elastomerik Zincirlerde Oluşan Gerilme Direnci ve Kuvvet Kaybının Değerlendirilmesi

KÜÇÜKKARACA

2023

ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi

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Amaç: Elastomerik zincirlerin klinik kullanımı sırasında birçok avantajlarının olmasının yanısıra aktivasyon kuvvetinin zamanla farkedilir bir şekilde azalması en büyük dezavantajlarından biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; farklı elastomerik zincirlerde zamanla oluşan kuvvet kaybındaki değişimlerin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız, 5 farklı elastomerik zincir grubundan oluşmuştur; Grup 1: American Orthodontics (Memory chain), Grup 2: Rocky Mountain Orthodontics (Elastomeric chain), Grup 3: 3M (Alastik chain), Grup 4: American Orthodontics (Plastik chain), Grup 5: Opal (Opalastic chain). Örnekler yapay tükrük dolu bir kabın içerisine daldırılarak 37.1°C'deki inkübasyon makinasında bekletildi. İlk aktivasyon sonrası 0.saat, 4.saat, 8.saat, 24. saat ve 48.saat sonra olmak üzere 5 kez gerilme direnci ölçümü yapılmıştır. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar ve grup içi zamana göre değişimler Kruskall-Wallis H ve Fridman testi ile incelenmiştir. Bulgular: 8., 24. ve 48. saatte ölçülen gerilme direnci değerleri arasında tüm gruplarda anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. AOM elastomerik grubu 3M, AO ve Opal gruplarına göre daha düşük kuvvet kaybı değerleri göstermiştir (p

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Force Decay Behavior of Orthodontic Elastomeric Chains in Simulated Oral Conditions

Virdi,

Prashar,

Kaur

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background Elastomeric chains are widely used for incisor retraction and space closure. However, the force they exert diminishes over time, and this makes it difficult to determine the actual force transmitted to the dentition. The force decay may also be affected by exposure to saliva, foods, beverages, and prophylactic agents. Objective To assess the force degradation of four commercially available orthodontic elastomeric chains (AlastiK, 3M; Generation II Power Chain, Ormco; Elastic Chain, Morelli; and Plastic Chain, American Orthodontics) over 28 days in simulated oral conditions using tooth movement and a prophylactic fluoride rinse regimen. Method A total of 80 chain samples, with 20 samples of each chain type having four loops each, were stretched to 25 mm on custom-fabricated acrylic resin jigs with provision for a space closure mechanism. The samples were divided equally into two groups: a control group, in which ten samples of each chain type were maintained in artificial saliva at 37°C, and a test group, in which ten samples of each chain type were maintained in artificial saliva at 37°C and additionally subjected to simulated tooth movement with jig closure of 0.25 mm/week and a twice-daily regimen of prophylactic fluoride rinse. Force decay was measured using a digital force gauge at the time of engagement on the jigs, at one hour, four hours, and at one, seven, 14, 21, and 28 days. Percentage force decay was calculated, and the results were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post-hoc Tukey, post-hoc Bonferroni, and ‘t’ test. Results Maximum force degradation was observed at one day for all four chain materials in both groups, followed by a steady force loss over 28 days, the difference being significant for all materials at various time intervals (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed between any material at any given time in the control group (p>0.05); however, significant differences were observed in the test group. Under simulated oral conditions, force decay was maximum for the Plastic Chain, American Orthodontics (67.9 ± 6.24%), and minimum for the Generation II Power Chain, Ormco (51.9 ± 9.78%) at the end of the test period. Conclusion Plastic Chain, American Orthodontics, and AlastiK, 3M chain, exhibited higher force decay when compared to Generation II Power Chain, Ormco, and Elastic Chain, Morelli. Simulated oral conditions significantly affected the force decay of elastomeric chains, and it may be desirable to change elastomeric chains at 14 days for optimum retraction force.

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Force decay and discoloration of thermoplastic and thermoset orthodontic elastomeric chains

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of filament types and loops number on the force degradation of elastomeric chains used for orthodontic treatment: an in-vitro study

Effect of filament types and loops number on the force degradation of elastomeric chains used for orthodontic treatment: an in-vitro study

Ortodontik Elastomerik Zincirlerde Oluşan Gerilme Direnci ve Kuvvet Kaybının Değerlendirilmesi

Force Decay Behavior of Orthodontic Elastomeric Chains in Simulated Oral Conditions

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