Force depression following skeletal muscle shortening is long lasting

Herzog, Walter; Leonard, Tim; Wu, Jianfeng

doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00126-2

Cited by 43 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In maximally stimulated muscles, force depression most often varies linearly with the magnitude of shortening (Edman, 1975;Marechal and Plaghki, 1979;Herzog and Leonard, 1997;deRuiter et al, 1998;Herzog et al, 1998;Josephson and Stokes, 1999;Meijer, 2002), except during in vivo, voluntary contractions in human knee extensors (independent relationship) (Lee et al, 2000). Although force depression in submaximally stimulated frog and rat muscles does not vary with distance shortened (Colomo et al, 1986;Meijer, 2002), both submaximally stimulated insect muscles 178 and 179 show positive linear relationships between force depression and distance shortened (Fig.·9).…”

Section: Different Submaximal Force-length Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

In situmuscle power differs without varyingin vitromechanical properties in two insect leg muscles innervated by the same motor neuron

Ahn

Meijer

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The mechanical behavior of muscle during locomotion is often predicted by its anatomy, kinematics, activation pattern and contractile properties. The neuromuscular design of the cockroach leg provides a model system to examine these assumptions, because a single motor neuron innervates two extensor muscles operating at a single joint. Comparisons of the in situ measurements under in vivo running conditions of muscle 178 to a previously examined muscle (179) demonstrate that the same inputs (e.g. neural signal and kinematics) can result in different mechanical outputs. The same neural signal and kinematics, as determined during running, can result in different mechanical functions, even when the two anatomically similar muscles possess the same contraction kinetics, force-velocity properties and tetanic force-length properties. Although active shortening greatly depressed force under in vivo-like strain and stimulation conditions, force depression was similarly proportional to strain, similarly inversely proportional to stimulation level, and similarly independent of initial length and shortening velocity between the two muscles. Lastly, passive prestretch enhanced force similarly between the two muscles. The forces generated by the two muscles when stimulated with their in vivo pattern at lengths equal to or shorter than rest length differed, however. Overall, differences between the two muscles in their submaximal force-length relationships can account for up to 75% of the difference between the two muscles in peak force generated at short lengths observed during oscillatory contractions. Despite the fact that these muscles act at the same joint, are stimulated by the same motor neuron with an identical pattern, and possess many of the same in vitro mechanical properties, the mechanical outputs of two leg extensor muscles can be vastly different.

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Section: Different Submaximal Force-length Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

In situmuscle power differs without varyingin vitromechanical properties in two insect leg muscles innervated by the same motor neuron

Ahn

Meijer

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…The steady-state isometric force following shortening of an activated muscle is smaller than the corresponding steady-state force obtained for a purely isometric contraction at the corresponding length (Abbott and Aubert, 1952;De Ruiter et al, 1998;Granzier and Pollack, 1989;Herzog and Leonard, 1997;Herzog et al, 1998;Marechal and Plaghki, 1979;Morgan et al, 2000;Sugi and Tsuchiya, 1988). This phenomenon, known as force depression, has been systematically observed in whole muscle preparations (Abbott and Aubert, 1952;Herzog and Leonard, 1997;Marechal and Plaghki, 1979;Morgan et al, 2000), human skeletal muscles (De Ruiter et al, 1998;Lee and Herzog, 2003;Lee et al, 1999), single intact fibres (Edman et al, 1993;Granzier and Pollack, 1989;Julian and Morgan, 1979;Sugi and Tsuchiya, 1988) and single myofibrils (Joumaa and Herzog, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Force depression increases with increasing shortening magnitudes (Abbott and Aubert, 1952;Herzog and Leonard, 1997;Marechal and Plaghki, 1979) and decreases with increasing shortening speeds (Abbott and Aubert, 1952;Herzog and Leonard, 1997;Leonard and Herzog, 2005;Marechal and Plaghki, 1979;Morgan et al, 2000). Force depression is long lasting (>20s) (Abbott and Aubert, 1952;Herzog et al, 1998;Lee and Herzog, 2003), but can be abolished instantaneously when force drops to zero (Abbott and Aubert, 1952;Herzog and Leonard, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into force depression in skeletal muscle

Joumaa

MacIntosh

Herzog

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYForce depression observed following active shortening is not well understood. Previous research suggested that force depression might be associated with a stress-induced inhibition of cross-bridges in the newly formed overlap zone following shortening. Our aim was to investigate this theory in skinned fibres and determine whether there was an inhibition of the attachment of cross-bridges or a decrease in the force produced per cross-bridge. The stress-induced inhibition of cross-bridge theory gives testable predictions, including: (1) skinned fibres should show proportional force and stiffness depression, (2) force after shortening should not be lower than force before shortening, (3) stiffness following shortening should not be lower than stiffness before shortening and (4) force depression should decrease when the stress during shortening is decreased. In agreement with these predictions, force and stiffness depression were approximately proportional, and force depression decreased with decreasing stress during shortening. However, in contrast to the predictions of the stress-induced inhibition of cross-bridge theory, force after shortening from sarcomere lengths of 2.8 and 3.0m to a sarcomere length of 2.4m was smaller than force before shortening, and this was not accompanied by a corresponding decrease in stiffness. We conclude that the stress-induced inhibition of cross-bridge theory, as proposed previously, cannot be the only mechanism for force depression, but that there is an additional, stress-induced inhibition of cross-bridges in the old overlap zone. Furthermore, both mechanisms, inhibition of cross-bridge attachment and reduction of force produced per cross-bridge, contribute to force depression. Inhibition and/or reduction of force depend(s) on the amount of stress imposed on actin during the shortening phase.

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“…Relevant fact is that the phenomenon has a greater duration than five seconds (2,6,33,40,41), considered expressive by the investigator of such subject. Moreover, the FD cannot be completely eliminated after a maneuver of muscle relaxation by deactivation nor manipulated by shortening with fast speed, preceded by a shortening with slow and steady speed, which would result in a reduction of the isometric force to zero (6,7,15,42).…”

Section: The Concept Of Force Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, it should be considered the arguments that support the long-term feature of the phenomenon (2,6,7,33,36,40,41). In addition, the contrast of the studies that show that relatively short periods that cause muscle deactivation may abolish instantly FD must also be taken into account (2,6,7,32,36,51).…”

Section: Theory Of Non-uniformity and Instability Of Sarcomerementioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in isometric force after active shortening and lengthening and their mechanisms: a review

Lima

Farinatti²,

Monteiro

et al. 2014

Fisioter. mov.

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Introduction:The isometric force history dependence of skeletal muscle has been studied along the last one hundred years. Several theories have been formulated to explain and establish the causes of the phenomenon, but not successfully, as they have not been fully accepted and demonstrated, and much controversy on such a subject still remains. Objective: To present a systematic literature review on the dynamics of the mechanisms of force depression and force enhancement after active shortening and lengthening, respectively, identifying the key variables involved in the phenomenon, and to date to present the main theories and hypothesis developed trying to explaining it. Method: The procedure of literature searching complied the major databases, including articles either, those which directly investigated the phenomena of force depression and force enhancement or those which presented possible causes and mechanisms associated with their respective events, from the earliest studies published until the year of 2010. Results: 97

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Force depression following skeletal muscle shortening is long lasting

Cited by 43 publications

References 14 publications

In situmuscle power differs without varyingin vitromechanical properties in two insect leg muscles innervated by the same motor neuron

In situmuscle power differs without varyingin vitromechanical properties in two insect leg muscles innervated by the same motor neuron

New insights into force depression in skeletal muscle

Variation in isometric force after active shortening and lengthening and their mechanisms: a review

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