Force Equilibrium–Based Model for Predicting Stresses in Soil-Bentonite Cutoff Walls

Lateral squeezing effects on cement-slag-bentonite slurry wall performance

“…The method of analysis estimates not only the progressive lateral earth pressure at each depth but also the dilatancy angle, ψ, development as 0 ≤ β ≤ 1. The predicted vertical effective stress using this method is in good agreement with those provided by Ke et al [8] and remains below effective horizontal stress at each depth. Moreover, by considering the effects of both arching and lateral squeezing, this model presents a considerable improvement of stress estimation in CSB slurry walls.…”

“…The values and the impact of corresponding parameters for both surrounded soils and mixtures are provided in Table 2. The width and depth of the trench are 1.2 m and 30 m, respectively [8]. The laboratory investigation was performed to define the CSB mixture's properties and the impact of curing ages at 7 days and 28 days.…”

“…Consequently, an appropriate prediction of the lateral earth pressure development within the slurry wall is important. The hypothesis of the lateral squeezing modeling was initially proposed by Filz [5], and this method for modeling was then developed by many researchers considering the arching and squeezing effect for deep trenches [6][7][8].…”

“…Observations differ for the analysis of the mechanism; however, the results of all approaches indicate that the stress state in the trench (below the depth of 5-7 m) remains lower than the geostatic approach. It has been suggested that the major principal stress in deep-narrow slurry walls is horizontal, and it is vertical in shallow-wide slurry walls [5,9,8]. However, the specific mechanism behind the lateral squeezing models [9,5] has not been fully addressed for modeling of one sort or another.…”

“…A two-dimensional CSB slurry wall, with width and depth of B and H, respectively, surrounded by submerged medium dense sand, is investigated in this paper. It is assumed that the mixture placed into the trench along with the surrounding soils is homogeneous and isotropic, and the groundwater table is at the surface [5][6][7][8]. Since the horizontal strain of mixtures after placement is expected to be zero, the geometry of the problem is identified as plain-strain.…”