Force-induced charge carrier storage: a new route for stress recording

Zhuang, Yixi; Tu, Dong; Chen, Changjian; Wang, Le; Zhang, Hongwu; Han, Xue; Yuan, Conghui; Chen, Guorong; Pan, Caofeng; Dai, Lizong; Xie, Rong‐Jun

doi:10.1038/s41377-020-00422-4

Cited by 108 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Recently, novel ML materials with the memory capabilities enabled by reshuffling the trap occupations of the charge carriers have been demonstrated, endowing the readout of the force-induced light emission, as required. 49,50 However, the readout process is activated either by an infrared laser or by high temperature, impairing their advancement. A simple strategy is proposed here for achieving the selfpowdered visual sen-memory of the applied pressure by the combination of the ML hybrid and the long-lasting phosphor of SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ , Dy 3+ , as illustrated in Figure 2A.…”

Section: Self-powered Visual Sen-memory Of the Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanoluminescent hybrids from a natural resource for energy‐related applications

Wang

Peng

et al. 2021

InfoMat

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Mechanoluminescent (ML) materials that directly convert mechanical energy into photon emission have emerged as promising candidates for various applications. Despite the recent advances in the development of both novel and conventional ML materials, the limited access to ML materials that simultaneously have the attributes of high brightness, low cost, self-recovery, and stability, and the lack of appropriate designs for constructing ML devices represent significant challenges that remain to be addressed to boost the practical application of ML materials. Herein, ML hybrids derived from a natural source, waste eggshell, with the aforementioned attributes are demonstrated. The introduction of the eggshell not only enables the preparation of the hybrid in a simple and cost-effective manner but also contributes to the homochromatism (red, green, or blue emission), high brightness, and robustness of the resultant ML hybrids. The significant properties of the ML hybrids, together with the proposed structural design, such as porosity or core-shell structure, could expedite a series of mechanic-optical applications, including the self-luminous shoes for the conversion of human motions into light and light generators that efficiently harvest water wave energy. The fascinating properties, versatile designs, and the efficient protocol of "turning waste into treasure" of the ML hybrids represent significant Chunfeng Wang and Ronghua Ma contributed equally to this work.

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Section: Self-powered Visual Sen-memory Of the Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanoluminescent hybrids from a natural resource for energy‐related applications

Wang

Peng

et al. 2021

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“…[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Currently, the mechanisms of ML are still under intensive exploration due to the sophisticated factors involved in the process. [17,32,38,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48] The insufficient apprehending of ML mechanisms inevitably makes it difficult to guide the ondemand design of efficient ML materials. Therefore, in order to achieve the rational design and wide application of efficient ML materials, at the current stage, it is of pivotal significance to construct ML material platforms to achieve the systematical understanding of ML mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering and Dissecting Mechanically Excited Luminescence of Mn²⁺ Activators via Matrix Microstructure Evolution

Zhang

Gao

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Mechanoluminescent (ML) materials featuring renewable mechanical‐to‐optical conversion have shown promising prospects in stress sensing, lighting, and display. However, the advancement in ML applications is being restrained by the obstacles in developing efficient ML materials and understanding the underlying ML mechanisms. Herein, a matrix evolution strategy to modulate the local microstructure and electronic environment around the luminescent activators is proposed, which not only supports the batch development of new ML materials but also provides a well‐connected platform for systematically revealing the mechanism of achieving efficient ML performance. The feasibility of the strategy is proved by constructing and evaluating a series of ML materials with matrix‐dependent luminescent properties in experimental‐theoretical collaboration. It is demonstrated that the construction of piezoluminescence is available in both non‐centrosymmetric and centrosymmetric matrices without being restricted by lattice symmetry. The inter‐electronic‐levels and shallow electron traps formed by activator doping enhance the electron recombination efficiency through tunneling and conduction band transfer pathways. The results are expected to accelerate the exploitation of ML material systems and to deepen the comprehensive apprehending of ML mechanisms, thereby guiding the rational design and widespread use of efficient ML materials.

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“…Mechanoluminescence (ML) is the phenomenon of photon emission produced by certain materials under mechanical stimulus that has attracted intense attention in widespread applications including E-signature systems, artificial skins, light-emitting fabric, information storage, anti-counterfeiting, and optical imaging. [1][2][3][4][5][6] ML can be observed from materials during exposures to friction, impact, compression, stretching, bending, twisting, grinding, etc. [7,8] Thus, increasing interest a new type of ML, which exhibits better repeatability and need no preirradiation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Repeatable Mechanoluminescence in Heterostructured Li₁₋_xNa_xNbO₃: Pr³⁺

Yang

Liu

et al. 2021

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has been attracted to ML research by many groups around the world. According to the recovery performance of ML, it is generally believed that ML materials can be divided into trap-controllable and self-recoverable two modes. [9,10] The trap-controllable ML is associated with the captured carriers in shallow and deep traps at around below the conduction band or above the valence band. It relies on the induced energy releasing for the captured carriers from the traps, and it occurs for a certain level of mechanical stress (or strain) energy which is sufficient to activate the captured carriers releasing from the traps to recombine with emission centers, resulting in the ML phenomenon after removal the excitation source. [11,12] Self-recoverable ML materials are a special kind of luminescent materials, whose ML intensity can be output stable optical signals under the consecutive compressing-releasing cycles, and do not require light excitation to charge carriers. [13,14] Previous studies have shown that the self-recoverable ML materials depend on the generation of local piezoelectric fields, which promotes the process of electron-hole recombination and realizes the self-recoverable ML process. [15][16][17][18] However, either trap-controllable or self-recoverable ML still leads to some shortcomings. Trap-controllable mode is the current mainstream way to achieve ML, but its preirradiation process and relatively poor repeatability seriously affect the performance and accuracy of stress sensing. Self-recoverable mode can be considered as Mechanoluminescence (ML) is a striking optical phenomenon that is achieved through mechanical to optical energy conversion. Here, a series of Li 1−x Na x NbO 3 : Pr 3+ (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0) ML materials have been developed. In particular, due to the formation of heterostructure, the synthesized Li 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 : Pr 3+ effectively couples the trap structures and piezoelectric property to realize the highly repeatable ML performance without traditional preirradiation process. Furthermore, the ML performances measured under sunlight irradiation and preheating confirm that the ML properties of Li 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 : Pr 3+ can be ascribed to the dual modes of luminescence mechanism, including both trap-controllable and self-recoverable modes. In addition, DFT calculations further confirm that the doping of Na + ions in LiNbO 3 leads to electronic modulations by the formation of the heterostructures, which optimizes the trap distributions and concentrations. These modulations improve the electron transfer efficiency to promote ML performances. This work has supplied significant references for future design and synthesis of efficient ML materials for broad applications.

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Force-induced charge carrier storage: a new route for stress recording

Cited by 108 publications

References 48 publications

Mechanoluminescent hybrids from a natural resource for energy‐related applications

Mechanoluminescent hybrids from a natural resource for energy‐related applications

Discovering and Dissecting Mechanically Excited Luminescence of Mn²⁺ Activators via Matrix Microstructure Evolution

Effective Repeatable Mechanoluminescence in Heterostructured Li₁₋_xNa_xNbO₃: Pr³⁺

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Force-induced charge carrier storage: a new route for stress recording

Cited by 108 publications

References 48 publications

Mechanoluminescent hybrids from a natural resource for energy‐related applications

Mechanoluminescent hybrids from a natural resource for energy‐related applications

Discovering and Dissecting Mechanically Excited Luminescence of Mn2+ Activators via Matrix Microstructure Evolution

Effective Repeatable Mechanoluminescence in Heterostructured Li1−xNaxNbO3: Pr3+

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Discovering and Dissecting Mechanically Excited Luminescence of Mn²⁺ Activators via Matrix Microstructure Evolution

Effective Repeatable Mechanoluminescence in Heterostructured Li₁₋_xNa_xNbO₃: Pr³⁺