Force Measurements for Single Point Incremental Forming: An Experimental Study

Abstract

In this paper an experimental platform capable of measuring forces in process during an incremental forming procedure is described and the results garnered from it are presented. Some of the earliest measurements of forces in incremental forming and the changes induced on the measured load are reported. Using a table type force dynamometer with incremental forming fixture mounted on top, three components of force were measured throughout the forming process. They were found to vary as the parts were made. The reported experimental test program was focused on the influence of three different process parameters on the forming forces: the vertical step size between consecutive contours, the diameter of the tool and the steepness of the part’s wall. For the tested material, analytical results demonstrating the relationship between the respective process parameters and the induced forces are presented in this paper.

Incremental forming of sandwich panels

“…Duflou et al (2005) found that total tool force in SPIF increases with vertical pitch, tool diameter and wall angle. Bologa et al (2005) measured the influence of sheet thickness, vertical pitch and diameter on vertical and horizontal force and concluded that the sheet thickness had the most significant influence on vertical force.…”

Forming forces in single point incremental forming: prediction by finite element simulations, validation and sensitivity

“…The forces acting on the tool were measured using a force platform [8,24]. This platform was a Kistler 9265B six-component force dynamometer, used with a multichannel charge amplifier 5017A capable of measuring a vertical force between −15 and 30 kN and two horizontal forces of ±15 kN (see Fig.…”

Incremental deformation: A literature review

“…It was concluded [54], that the most segnificant value of the force is for Fz, valid for both to SPIF and TPIF. Duflou et al [55] performed a series of experiments on a reference conical part manufactured by SPIF from five diferent materials. It is measured the forces for differents part configuration and it was concluded with the infuence of sheet thickness, draw angle, tool diameter and step depth ∆z on total forces: -when the sheet thickness is greater, then bigger forces are needed to form the parts; -increasing the draw angle, the forming forces also increase; -increasing in step depth ∆z, the forces are slight increase, thus no a segnificant infuence.…”