Forced aeration composting, aerated static pile, and similar methods

Michel, Frederick C.; O'Neill, Tim; Rynk, Robert; Gilbert, Jane; Smith, Mike; Aber, John D.; Keener, H. M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85602-7.00007-8

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Conversely, heat accumulation can raise temperatures to levels that adversely affect microorganisms (Diaz et al, 2007). In either case, increasing aeration, agitating the heap, and adjusting the moisture content will make the composting process more efficient (Michel et al, 2021). Therefore, temperature changes in the compost pile should be regularly monitored, recorded, and evaluated.…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches in composting process: A review

Temel

Yolcu

Turan

2023

Bioresource Technology

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Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches in composting process: A review

Temel

Yolcu

Turan

2023

Bioresource Technology

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“…Currently, systems are available for facilities that manage their composts either as aerated static piles (ASP) or turned aerated piles (TAP). In ASP systems, a mass of compost sits statically in a large pile or in a bin over a network of perforated piping and is turned infrequently (Michel et al 2021). In TAP composting, stand-alone piles or windrows dimensioned to be turned periodically with a straddle turner (a machine with a rotating drum that mixes compost as it is driven down the windrow) are underlain with perforated piping to capture compost vapor (Michel et al 2021).…”

Section: Highlightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a Compost Aeration and Heat Recovery System at a Commercial Composting Facility

Bondeson,

Faulkner,

Roy

2023

Journal of Ecological Engineering Design

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Composting of agricultural and forestry residuals can support regional nutrient management and environmental goals but faces various operational challenges. This case study evaluated nutrient status and financial and energy cost for a pair of commercial compost windrows with and without forced aeration at full scale in a normal production setting. Compost treated with a forced aeration and heat capture system was deemed suitable for market in approximately 25% less time than a conventional, straddle-turned windrow. Analysis of nitrogen (N) dynamics throughout the study suggested that forced aeration promoted N retention. From a mass balance analysis, force-aerated compost retained ~23% more of its initial total N (TN) by mass as compared to conventionally treated compost, which we hypothesize was due to greater rates of N losses to the atmosphere in conventional treatment. Consistently lower water-extractable phosphorus (WEP) suggested a lower risk for phosphorus (P) loss through leaching from force-aerated composting. During the active composting process, operation of force-aerated composting was 2.1 times more expensive and 5.5 times more energy-intensive than a conventional compost per m 3 . However, the energy and infrastructure cost offsets provided by the aeration and heat capture system as operated by this commercial compost facility could provide a net savings of $1.51 per m 3 finished compost when analyzed over the lifetime of the system's construction, operation, and use. This case study illustrates that forced aeration and heat capture systems have potential to provide time and energy savings benefits to compost producers, while maintaining or enhancing nutrient retention and compost quality.

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“…This stage may involve automated mechanical sorting, manual picking, and various treatment technologies such as shredding and compacting. − Recycling is a key component, involving the reprocessing of materials like paper, plastic, glass, and metals into new products, thus conserving resources and reducing landfill demand. − Composting is another processing method, where organic waste is biologically decomposed to produce nutrient-rich compost for agricultural use. Four representative composting technologies include Windrow Composting, suitable for large-scale operations with long, narrow piles; In-Vessel Composting, which uses enclosed containers for faster, controlled composting; Aerated Static Pile Composting, involving large heaps with forced aeration systems; and Vermicomposting, utilizing specific worms to produce nutrient-rich compost from organic waste. − Non-recyclable and non-compostable waste often proceed to disposal. Landfilling remains a common method, where waste is deposited in engineered sites designed to minimize environmental contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Management for Environmentally Sustainable Cities: A Quadruple Helix Collaboration in Practice

Min,

Cho

2024

ACS Sustainable Resour. Manage.

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This paper discusses a sustainable waste management initiative in ASEAN nations, utilizing a unique Quadruple Helix model that includes an international organization as an active fourth actor. This collaboration among academia, government, industry, and the international organization focuses on strategic policy alignment, advanced waste management technologies, and project creation through an interactive multi-stakeholder knowledge-sharing digital platform. The project is leading to a significant reduction in carbon and methane emissions, mitigating approximately 6 million tons of CO2 equivalent and creating around 1,300 green jobs. Nearly 4 million ASEAN citizens are benefiting from improved access to solid waste management services, enhancing their quality of life and environmental health. Universities play a crucial role by establishing the ASEAN-Korean Integrated Green Technology Platform (AKIGTP), which bridges next-generation research and practical applications. NTU’s contributions in advanced research, knowledge dissemination, and fostering multi-stakeholder partnerships were instrumental in addressing complex challenges and advancing innovation within the Quadruple Helix framework. Taken together, the project not only showcases the potential of the Quadruple Helix model in driving sustainable development but also sets a precedent for similar initiatives globally. This comprehensive approach ensures effective and sustainable solutions to municipal solid waste management challenges, promoting a resilient and environmentally conscious future for the ASEAN region.

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Forced aeration composting, aerated static pile, and similar methods

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches in composting process: A review

Artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches in composting process: A review

Performance of a Compost Aeration and Heat Recovery System at a Commercial Composting Facility

Waste Management for Environmentally Sustainable Cities: A Quadruple Helix Collaboration in Practice

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