“…However, since both nitrones and nitroxides have an N-O length of about 1.3 Å, 16,19,37, the bond length between the N and neighbouring sp 2 carbon atoms is important to determine the electron state of the N-O site. In fact, there is a difference in the N-C sp 2 length; the average lengths for nitrones are 1.31 Å (N-O: 1.29 Å), [48][49][50][51][52][53] those for aryl tert-butyl nitroxides are 1.43 Å (N-O: 1.29 Å), 16,19,37,45,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71] and those for 10-oxy-9(10H)acridines are 1.41 Å (N-O: 1.29 Å). [72][73][74][75] The compound 4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-3-oxide-1-oxyl, known as nitronyl nitroxide, has both nitrone and nitroxide moieties and thus an N-C sp 2 length of 1.34 Å (N-O: 1.28 Å), 41,54,55,[76][77][78][79][80][81][82]…”