Forecasting and Sustainability of Raw Water Supply for Indonesia’s New Capital

Abstract

Environmental load issues in Jakarta, economic contribution to GDP, Java's dominance in land conversion, economic justice, and a water supply dilemma are all factors that contribute to Jakarta's excessive density. Therefore, the Indonesian government intends to relocate the Indonesia's capital to the Penajam Paser Utara district, in the East Kalimantan Province, in 2024. One of the challenges for the new capital, known as Indonesia's new capital (IKN), is securing a sustainable raw water supply for drinking. On the other hand, the potential of existing water resources is very limited in terms of resources and supporting infrastructure. This paper investigates the forecasting and sustainability of raw water supply for Indonesia's new capital. The hydrological feasibility method, which includes calculating the estimated supply and evaluating the sustainability of IKN raw water sources, was used in this study. The result showed the estimated raw water requirements for the IKN area during the period 2023-2073. The critical point of the resulting state is that the water resources of IKN by 2023 will be secure if the infrastructure plan is properly implemented. Meanwhile, IKN will be in deficit after 2045. Therefore, integrated water resource management is an important issue for the Indonesian government to minimize the limited raw water sources for IKN's sustainability.