“…Common econometric models for commodity price forecasting include the autoregressive moving average, vector autoregressive, and vector error correction models. Recently, machine learning techniques (Bayona‐Oré et al, 2021), such as the neural network (Fang et al, 2020; Ribeiro & Oliveira, 2011), deep learning (Manogna & Mishra, 2021), extreme learning (Kouadio et al, 2018), genetic programming (Ali et al, 2018), support vector regression (Harris, 2017; Li, Chen, et al, 2020), K‐nearest neighbor (Gómez et al, 2021), multivariate adaptive regression splines (Dias & Rocha, 2019), random forest (Gómez et al, 2021), decision tree (Harris, 2017), ensemble (Fang et al, 2020), and boosting methods (Gómez et al, 2021), have shown great potential for forecasting of prices and yields of coffee (Kouadio et al, 2018), corn (Xu & Zhang, 2021), cotton (Ali et al, 2018; Fang et al, 2020), oats (Harris, 2017), soybeans (Li et al, 2020; Ribeiro & dos Santos Coelho, 2020), soybean oil (Li, Chen, et al, 2020), sugar (Ribeiro & Oliveira, 2011), and wheat (Fang et al, 2020; Gómez et al, 2021). In particular, previous studies show that the neural network has great potential to forecast economic and financial time series, which tend to have certain nonlinearities (Wang & Yang, 2010; Yang et al, 2008).…”