Forensic Odontology: Automatic Identification of Persons Comparing Antemortem and Postmortem Panoramic Radiographs Using Computer Vision

Abstract

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGZiel In der forensischen Odontologie ist der Vergleich von Ante-mortem und Post-mortem Panorama-Röntgenauf-nahmen (PR) eine zuverlässige Methode zur Personenidentifizierung. Das Ziel ist die automatische Identifizierung von unbekannten Personen mithilfe eines Vergleichs von Antemortem und Post-mortem PR unter Anwendung der Computer Vision. This document was downloaded for personal use only. Unauthorized distribution is strictly prohibited. Material und Methoden Materials and MethodsThe study includes 43 467 PRs from 24 545 patients (46 % females/54 % males). All PRs were filtered and evaluated with Matlab R2014b including the toolboxes image processing and computer vision system. The matching process used the SURF feature to find the corresponding points between two PRs (unknown person and database entry) out of the whole database.Results From 40 randomly selected persons, 34 persons (85 %) could be reliably identified by corresponding PR matching points between an already existing scan in the database and the most recent PR. The systematic matching yielded a maximum of 259 points for a successful identification between two different PRs of the same person and a maximum of 12 corresponding matching points for other nonidentical persons in the database. Hence 12 matching points are the threshold for reliable assignment.Conclusion Operating with an automatic PR system and computer vision could be a successful and reliable tool for identification purposes. The applied method distinguishes itself by virtue of its fast and reliable identification of persons by PR. This Identification method is suitable even if dental characteristics were removed or added in the past. The system seems to be robust for large amounts of data.

Automatic human identification based on dental X-ray radiographs using computer vision

“…Main filter setting for eight systematic measurement series. The measurement series B corresponds to the filter setting from a preparatory study 25 . With a value of 0, the filter described was not applied.…”

“…The purpose of this study was to improve the automated identification of unknown individuals by comparison of ante-mortem and post-mortem DPRs using computer vision. In this publication, the improvement of a preliminary study 25 will be presented. The present study is the first in which post-mortem DPRs of three bodies were made.…”

Determining the effective number and surfaces of teeth for forensic dental identification through the 3D point cloud data analysis

“…Vivid 910 is a non-contact 3D digitizer that employs a triangulation method. The Vivid scanner has been used for several years by clinical and forensic applications, such as examining changes in patients with cleft palates (Kitagawa et al 2004), investigating facial changes (Kau and Richmond 2008), and analyzing bite-mark evidence (Flora et al 2009;Evans et al 2013).…”

“…Several scientific analysis and data collection methods have undergone a significant transformation in forensic odontology to accommodate human identification (Jeddy et al 2017). One of the great improvements in this area is the assimilation between forensic dentistry and information technology such as dental imaging techniques, bite-mark analysis, and preservation of the dental records (Heinrich et al 2018). The common digital imaging technique which is used in dental identification is carried out using the two-dimensional (2D) approach, such as comparisons of radiographic images, photographs, and visual identification (Manigandan et al 2015).…”

Importance of Archiving the Prosthodontic Dental Records in Identification

“…Heinrich ve ark., bilgisayar programı kullanarak antemortem ve postmortem panoramik radyografileri karşılaştırdıkları çalışmalarında, radyografiden sonra değişiklik gösteren vakalarda bile otomatik bir antemortem ve postmortem panoramik radyografi kıyaslamasının karşılaştırmada kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymuşlardır. 16 Protetik ve restoratif materyallerin varlığının bulgu-kriter zenginliğine sahip olmaları nedeni ile radyografik açıdan önem taşıdığı saptanmıştır. 8 kompozit restorasyonların antemortem-postmortem radyografik görüntülerinin karşılaştırılmasının yüksek ayrım potansiyeline sahip olduğu, Philips ve ark., standart amalgam restorasyonlardan alınan "bitewing" radyografların kimlik tespiti yapılmasında etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşmışlardır.…”