Forest ecosystem services affected by natural disturbances, climate and land-use changes in the Tatra Mountains

Pichler, Viliam; Fleischer, Peter; Holko, Ladislav; Máliš, František; Gömöryová, Erika; Cudlín, Pavel; Holeksa, Jan; Michalová, Zuzana; Homolová, Zuzana; Škvarenina, Jaroslav; Střelcová, Katarína; Hlaváč, P.

doi:10.3354/cr01461

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Forests and their ecosystem services are threatened by increasing natural disturbances in many parts of the world, particularly in relation to climate change (e.g., [1][2][3]). One of the paramount reasons for forest disturbances and the resulting ecosystem and economic damage are strong winds and storms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Soil Electrical Resistivity Measurements Aid the Identification of Forest Areas Prone to Windthrow Disturbance?

Homolák

Gömöryová

Pichler

2020

Forests

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This study investigates how certain forest soil properties influence the propensity of beech forests to windthrow disturbances. The field measurements of soil electrical resistivity were carried out in an old-growth natural beech forest where the soil has developed from Cainozoic sedimentary rock with mudstone–claystone stratigraphy. In 2014, the forest was hit by a severe windstorm, and dispersed windthrow occurred at certain plots. Apparent electrical resistivity measurements were performed to investigate whether some soil properties could influence the forest trees’ predisposition to windthrow. The increases in the clay content and soil bulk density below 30 cm were associated with weathered claystone and mudstone, which created a physiological barrier for deeper root penetration. The result of the χ 2 test suggested that the windthrown spots were not distributed evenly over the entire study area. They were mainly concentrated over approximately 50% of the area, and their positions coincided with low resistivity values, indicating low soil skeleton content, high clay content and soil moisture. Therefore, electrical resistivity tomography could be considered a useful predictive tool for reducing the risk of natural disturbances by preventive forest management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Soil Electrical Resistivity Measurements Aid the Identification of Forest Areas Prone to Windthrow Disturbance?

Homolák

Gömöryová

Pichler

2020

Forests

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“…The disaster is counted among the 10 most terrible European wind calamities over the last 30 years [18]. At four internationally monitored localities (Figure 1), systematic ecological observations from many research fields were initiated to monitor climate and land-use changes [19], water repellence of forest soils [20], soil properties in relation to the determination of organic fractions and enzymatic activity [21], soil microbiology and microbial diversity [22,23], plant community structure and changes in vegetation cover [24], tree-ring reconstruction [25] and soil fauna changes [26]. microbiology and microbial diversity [22,23}, plant community structure and changes in vegetation cover [24], tree-ring reconstruction [25] and soil fauna changes [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Microbiota of Dystric Cambisol in the High Tatra Mountains (Slovakia) after Windthrow

et al. 2019

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There has been much more damage to forests in the Slovak Republic in the second half of the 20th century than to other European countries. Forested mountain massifs have become a filter of industrial and transportation emissions from abroad, as well as from domestic origins. There are not only acidic deposits of sulphur and heavy metals present in forest soils, but other additional environmental problems, such as climate change, storms, fires, floods, droughts, are worsening the situation. Therefore, forest terrestrial ecosystems are becoming more vulnerable due to changes in natural and environmental conditions. In the High Tatra Mountains in Slovakia, which are protected as a national park, four internationally monitored localities were established after the windthrow disaster in 2004 and fire in 2005: REF, with intact forest; EXT, with extracted wood mass; NEX, with non-extracted wood mass; and FIR, the burnt locality. Soils from these localities were microbiologically analysed with special attention to fungi. Bacterial microbiota detected by high-throughput sequencing showed the prevalence of the genera Acidothermus, Mycobacterium, and Nocardia, and a very low presence of the genera Acidibacter, Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia, Optitus and the uncultured genus Desulfurellaceae H16 in the soil sample from the burnt locality when compared with the unburned sites. Additionally, soil mycocoenoses showed a low similarity between the locality with an intact forest ecosystem and the localities with extracted (REF–EXT) and non-extracted (REF–NEX) wood mass. There was no similarity with the burnt locality (FIR), where heat-resistant fungi dominated. It was shown that the windthrow disaster and subsequent extraction or non-extraction of wood mass did not affect the soil microbial communities or their development. On the other hand, the influence of fire was significant.

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“…However, only a limited number of studies (Bearup, Maxwell, Clow, & McCray, ; Biederman et al, ; Wehner & Stednick, ) have demonstrated the influence of natural forest disturbances on the stable isotope composition of hydrological components in catchments. The interpretation of stable isotope signals in run‐off influenced by forest disturbance is lacking despite an increase in natural deforestation affecting many parts of the world (e.g., Bartík et al, ; Jenicek, Pevna, & Matejka, ; Schelhaas, Nabuurs, & Schuck, ; Seidl, Schelhaas, Rammer, & Verkerk, ) and impacting a wide range of ecosystem services (Fleischer et al, ; Kopáček et al, ; Rogger et al, ). Earlier, paired catchment studies involving different forest cover states were found to be a useful approach for comparing the stable isotope signatures from the various hydrological components, thus allowing for a better distinction of hydrological changes related to forest disturbance (Andreassian, ; Brown et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic response of run‐off to forest disturbance in small mountain catchments

Vystavna

Holko

Hejzlar

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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Stable water isotopes were applied to trace hydrological processes in an undisturbed (mature spruce forest) and a nearby disturbed (deforested from a bark beetle outbreak) lake catchments in the Czech Republic. Both catchments are situated above 1,000 m a.s.l. within the Šumava National Park and have similar environmental conditions. The isotopic compositions of precipitation, creeks, springs, and lakes were sampled at 3-week intervals over one hydrological year. Water inputs to catchments were derived from isotopically similar local precipitation, whereas run-off was found to have different isotopic signatures. Creeks in the undisturbed catchment had 1‰ and~7‰ higher δ 18 O and δ 2 H with~2‰ lower d-excess than in the disturbed catchment. The d-excess in creeks of the undisturbed catchment was more pronounced, particularly during snowmelt, and highly heterogeneous as compared with the disturbed catchment. Creeks in the undisturbed catchment were mainly fed by precipitation during the warm period (May-October), whereas creeks in the disturbed catchment were mostly fed by precipitation during the cold period (November-April).Estimated mean transit times of creeks and springs were~6 months, except for two creeks in the undisturbed catchment, which had residence times of~1 year. Although evaporation and transpiration fluxes were apparently reduced in the disturbed catchment, transpiration ratios were similar for both catchments. The difference in isotope signatures between catchments was attributed to the altered role of the forest canopy in temporal water distribution, which produced changes in the water cycle, potentially influencing important biogeochemical processes.

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Forest ecosystem services affected by natural disturbances, climate and land-use changes in the Tatra Mountains

Cited by 39 publications

References 38 publications

Can Soil Electrical Resistivity Measurements Aid the Identification of Forest Areas Prone to Windthrow Disturbance?

Can Soil Electrical Resistivity Measurements Aid the Identification of Forest Areas Prone to Windthrow Disturbance?

Soil Microbiota of Dystric Cambisol in the High Tatra Mountains (Slovakia) after Windthrow

Isotopic response of run‐off to forest disturbance in small mountain catchments

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