Forest fragments and natural vegetation patches within crop fields contribute to higher oilseed rape yields in Brazil

Halinski, Rosana; Garibaldi, Lucas A.; Santos, Charles Fernando dos; Acosta, André Luís; Guidi, Daniel Dornelles; Blochtein, Betina

doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2019.102768

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Often fragmented or diverse agricultural landscapes are associated with positive effects on pollinator populations (Krishnan et al 2012;Chakraborty et al 2021). In such landscapes pollinators benefit from forest patches, field margins, and other natural habitats between agricultural plots (Priess et al 2007;Tibesigwa et al 2019;Halinski et al 2020;Viswanathan et al 2020). We also find evidence of such a positive association.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

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Effects of local farm management on wild bees through temporal and spatial spillovers: evidence from Southern India

et al. 2022

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Context The agricultural landscape in many low- and middle-income countries is characterized by smallholder management systems, often dependent on ecosystem services, such as pollination by wild pollinator populations. Increased adoption of modern inputs (e.g., agrochemicals) may threaten pollinators and smallholder crop production. Objective We aimed to identify the link between the use of agrochemicals and wild bee populations in Southern India, while explicitly considering the effects of temporal and spatial scaling. Methods For our empirical analysis, we combined data from pan trap samples and a farm management survey of 127 agricultural plots around Bangalore, India. We implemented a Poisson generalized linear model to analyze factors that influence bee abundance and richness with a particular focus on the present, past, and neighboring management decisions of farmers with respect to chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation. Results Our results suggest that agricultural intensification is associated with a decrease in the abundance and richness of wild bees in our study areas. Both time and space play an important role in explaining farm-bee interactions. We find statistically significant negative spillovers from pesticide use. Smallholders’ use of chemical fertilizers and irrigation on their own plots significantly decreases the abundance of bees. Intensive past management reduces both bee abundance and richness. Conclusions Our results suggest that cooperative behavior among farmers and/or the regulation of agrochemical use is crucial to moderate spatial spillovers of farm management decisions. Furthermore, a rotation of extensive and intensive management could mitigate negative effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…1 Here, scale dependencies play a critical role. Several ecological studies demonstrate the importance of landscape scale, structure, composition, and configuration in defining pollination services to account for pollinator mobility and foraging ranges (Tscharntke et al 2005;Kremen et al 2007;Halinski et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of local farm management on wild bees through temporal and spatial spillovers: evidence from Southern India

et al. 2022

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“…Dense Caatinga patches have a higher conservation priority than open Caatinga patches within our study area, characterized by rapid expansion and intensification of agriculture, as they provide higher ecosystem services and protection against anthropogenic disturbance and aridity for functional diversity [75]. In fact, a recent study from Brazil found the loss of forests across agricultural landscapes to have a negative effect on agricultural productivity by reducing crop pollination [76]. As a result, within our study region, conservation priority was given to dense Caatinga patches, while open Caatinga patches were prioritized for restoration, as they have a reduced capacity for natural regeneration and contain grasses and abandoned areas [44].…”

Section: Prioritization Of Caatinga Patches To Conserve and Restorementioning

confidence: 85%

Restoration and Conservation of Priority Areas of Caatinga’s Semi-Arid Forest Remnants Can Support Connectivity within an Agricultural Landscape

Salazar

Arellano

Muñoz‐Sáez

et al. 2021

Land

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Land-use and land-cover (LULC) changes are major drivers of biodiversity loss in semi-arid regions, such as the Caatinga biome located in the Northeast of Brazil. We investigated landscape dynamics and fragmentation in an area of the São Francisco Valley in the Brazilian Caatinga biome and measured the effect of these dynamics on ecological, functional and structural connectivity over a 33-year period (1985–2018). We calculated landscape connectivity indices based on graph theory to quantify the effect of further agricultural expansion on ecological connectivity at the landscape scale. We used a multicriteria decision analysis that integrates graph-based connectivity indices at the habitat patch scale, combined with an index of human disturbance to identify patches that, if conserved and restored, preserve the connectivity of the landscape most effectively. In the period studied, agriculture increased at a rate of 2104 ha/year, while native Caatinga vegetation decreased at a rate of 5203 ha/year. Both dense and open Caatinga became more fragmented, with the number of fragments increasing by 85.2% and 28.6%, respectively, whilst the average fragment size decreased by 84.8% and 6.1% for dense and open Caatinga, respectively. If agriculture patches were to expand by a 300 m buffer around each patch, the overall ecological connectivity could be reduced by 6–15%, depending on the species’ (small- to mid-size terrestrial vertebrates) mobility characteristics for which the connectivity indices were calculated. We provided explicit spatial connectivity and fragmentation information for the conservation and restoration of the Caatinga vegetation in the studied area. This information helps with conservation planning in this rapidly changing ecosystem.

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“…According to our results, environment enrichment by increasing aspects of floral diversity resulted in higher visitation rates. In nature, environments presenting diversified floral characteristics have been shown to benefit the reproductive output of plants and can result in greater yields [ 64 ]. Ultimately, it can also ameliorate the reproductive output of pollinators by increasing offspring survival and nest development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a network context, a positive association between increased linkage density and pollination was also found [ 7 , 72 ]. Thus, if our findings are applied to pollination systems in more diverse agricultural environments, adding flower types (e.g., wildflowers strips) rather than maintaining monocrops, would likely provide a higher yield if flower visitation rate is performed by an efficient pollinator [ 64 , 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Display Can Buffer the Effect of Pesticides on Solitary Bees

Boff

Raizer

Lupi

2020

Insects

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Environmental quality (e.g., diversity of resource availability, nesting sites, environmental display) plays an important role in an animal’s life. While homogeneous environments can restrict organisms from developing activities such as food seeking (behavioral impairment), more complex environments allow animals to perform activities with learning and behavioral perfecting outcomes. Pesticides are known to affect the learning and foraging behaviors of bees; however, little is known about the counterbalance displayed by the environment. Herein, we conducted two experiments that simulated distinct environmental displays, in which the effects of a fungicide (IndarTM 5EW-febunconazole) on solitary bee foraging activities were tested. We found that the fungicide only impaired the activities of bees in one of the studied environments. The difference in visitation rates and flower exploitation of bees between the two different environmental displays led to changes in metrics of bee–flower networks across environments. Linkage density, a metric associated with pollination efficiency that is known to be impacted by different environments, differed across environments. Our results showed that ecological interaction network metrics can differ regarding the different environmental displays. This study indicates that environmental complexity helps balance the negative effects of pesticides on solitary bees and highlights the potential use of solitary bees as model organisms for experimental simulations of environmental change.

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Forest fragments and natural vegetation patches within crop fields contribute to higher oilseed rape yields in Brazil

Cited by 18 publications

References 55 publications

Effects of local farm management on wild bees through temporal and spatial spillovers: evidence from Southern India

Effects of local farm management on wild bees through temporal and spatial spillovers: evidence from Southern India

Restoration and Conservation of Priority Areas of Caatinga’s Semi-Arid Forest Remnants Can Support Connectivity within an Agricultural Landscape

Environmental Display Can Buffer the Effect of Pesticides on Solitary Bees

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