Forest hydrology in Chile: Past, present, and future

Balocchi, Francisco; Galleguillos, Mauricio; Rivera, Diego; Stehr, Alejandra; Arumí, José Luis; Pizarro, Roberto; García‐Chevesich, Pablo; Iroumé, Andrés; Armestó, Juan J.; Hervé‐Fernández, Pedro; Oyarzún, Carlos; Barría, Pilar; Little, Christian; Mancilla, Gabriel; Yépez, Santiago; Rodrı́guez, Rolando; White, D. A.; Silberstein, Richard; Neary, Daniel G.; Arellano, Pablo Ramírez de

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128681

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 184 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…of Chilean forests reported that interception ranged between 11 %-36 % (Balocchi et al, 2023), with our study site value located at the higher end (33 %, Frêne et al, 2022).…”

Section: Evaporation As the Main Driver Of Evapotranspiration And Wat...mentioning

confidence: 43%

Comparison of carbon and water fluxes and the drivers of ecosystem water use efficiency in a temperate rainforest and a peatland in southern South America

Perez-Quezada,

Trejo,

Lopatin

et al. 2024

Biogeosciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The variability and drivers of carbon and water fluxes and their relationship to ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) in natural ecosystems of southern South America are still poorly understood. For 8 years (2015–2022), we measured carbon dioxide net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and evapotranspiration (ET) using eddy covariance towers in a temperate rainforest and a peatland in southern Chile. NEE was partitioned into gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco), while ET was partitioned into evaporation (E) and transpiration (T) and used to estimate different expressions of ecosystem WUE. We then used the correlation between detrended time series and structural equation modelling to identify the main environmental drivers of WUE, GPP, ET, E and T. The results showed that the forest was a consistent carbon sink (−486 ± 23 g C m−2 yr−1), while the peatland was, on average, a small source (33 ± 21 g C m−2 yr−1). WUE is low in both ecosystems and likely explained by the high annual precipitation in this region (∼ 2100 mm). Only expressions of WUE that included atmospheric water demand showed seasonal variation. Variations in WUE were related more to changes in ET than to changes in GPP, while T remained relatively stable, accounting for around 47 % of ET for most of the study period. For both ecosystems, E increased with higher global radiation and higher surface conductance and when the water table was closer to the surface. Higher values for E were also found with increased wind speeds in the forest and higher air temperatures in the peatland. The absence of a close relationship between ET and GPP is likely related to the dominance of plant species that either do not have stomata (i.e. mosses in the peatland or epiphytes in the forest) or have poor stomatal control (i.e. anisohydric tree species in the forest). The observed increase in potential ET in the last 2 decades and the projected drought in this region suggests that WUE could increase in these ecosystems, particularly in the forest, where stomatal control may be more significant.

show abstract

“…of Chilean forests reported that interception ranged between 11 %-36 % (Balocchi et al, 2023), with our study site value located at the higher end (33 %, Frêne et al, 2022).…”

Section: Evaporation As the Main Driver Of Evapotranspiration And Wat...mentioning

confidence: 43%

Comparison of carbon and water fluxes and the drivers of ecosystem water use efficiency in a temperate rainforest and a peatland in southern South America

Perez-Quezada,

Trejo,

Lopatin

et al. 2024

Biogeosciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In terms of land use change, the study basin was first affected by extensive agriculture in the 18th century, followed by private forestry plantations and frequent clear‐cuts from the late 1970s. Between 1979 and 2000, plantations of exotic species on native forests and agricultural lands accounted for over 60% of the land use change (Aguayo et al, 2009), with clear effects on the water balance and hydrology of a larger area (Balocchi et al, 2023). As for many rivers in Central Chile, the Laja River is currently affected by the presence of Acacia dealbata , a highly colonizing exotic plant that was introduced in Chile in the 19th century for ornamental use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic process interactions and morphological change in a river reach subject to multiple disturbances, the Laja River, Chile

Barahona,

Alcayaga,

Caamaño

et al. 2024

Earth Surf Processes Landf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work studies the multiple sources of impacts and disturbances in the Laja River (Central Chile) and evaluates the changes in water and sediment flows and planimetric geomorphic changes.The disturbances sources correspond to hydroelectric plants, water withdrawals for irrigation and the sustained decrease trend in rainfall in the basin. The changes in the plan‐view shape of the river reach were quantified using remote sensing techniques, through a supervised classification of Landsat 5 TM and 8 OLI satellite images, identified Water (W), Islands and Riverine Vegetation (IRV) and Bars and Banks Without Vegetation (BBWV), obtained a Kappa index>0,83 for a period of 15 years (2006–2021).Compared with historical records, the period of analysis shows a decrease in annual rainfall by 17.5%. In addition, water withdrawals for irrigation have contributed to a 64% decrease in monthly stream discharge during the dry season. As a consequence of the decrease in annual rainfall and water withdrawals for irrigation, the sediment transport capacity has also decreased by 10.5%.The changes in morphological driving variables (stream flows and sediment transport regimes) have manifested themselves in morphological changes, where it was possible to establish that a change in the channel form occurred in the last 15 years, going from a river with a single channel to a braided one. An important vegetation establishment has accompanied this morphological change on both riverbanks and the central bars. The colonizing vegetation corresponds to fast‐growing non‐native species (Salix spp., Populus spp. and Alnus spp). A stabilization of the channel form is expected, consolidating itself as a braided section with alternating vegetated bars.

show abstract

“…Similarly, these institutional arrangements, are based on the current scientific knowledge of the Cantillana ecosystem and its hydrology. However, there is a monitoring gap in Chile, which limits the characterization of ecosystems dynamics in relation to climate and water variability 67 . More knowledge in the functioning of these ecosystems may result in rearrangement of the bundles configuration (e.g., biodiversity more directly impacted with infiltration that with rainfall).…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Payment for Ecosystem Services: institutional arrangements for a changing climate in the Chilean Mediterranean Region

Ocampo-Melgar,

Barría,

Cerda

et al. 2024

npj Clim. Action

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) can promote different types of governance arrangements to address the triple challenge of biodiversity loss, climate change and air pollution. These institutional arrangements, however, do not explicitly incorporate climate change into the ecosystem’s capacity to provide services. In this study, we explore why and how to incorporate climate uncertainties using as example the Altos de Cantillana Nature Reserve, a unique biodiversity hotspot in Central Chile. First, prioritized ecosystem services (ES) were grouped in bundles and linked to measured and modeled impacts of climate change on key water-related processes. Second, institutional barriers to PES were identified from case studies and analyzed considering challenges in a changing climate. Finally, bundles with different levels of risk were matched to six recommendations that better incorporate levels of risks to the uncertainty of climate change into Payment for Ecosystem Services in Chile.

show abstract

Forest hydrology in Chile: Past, present, and future

Cited by 9 publications

References 184 publications

Comparison of carbon and water fluxes and the drivers of ecosystem water use efficiency in a temperate rainforest and a peatland in southern South America

Comparison of carbon and water fluxes and the drivers of ecosystem water use efficiency in a temperate rainforest and a peatland in southern South America

Synergistic process interactions and morphological change in a river reach subject to multiple disturbances, the Laja River, Chile

Payment for Ecosystem Services: institutional arrangements for a changing climate in the Chilean Mediterranean Region

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About