Forest micro-environment develops through time: Changes in physical and structural heterogeneity follow abandonment from two forms of agriculture

Holmes, Marion A.; Matlack, Glenn R.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2017.08.034

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…sod-cutting), such that physicochemical conditions in post grass-or heathland forest soils can be differently affected than in post-arable forest soils (e.g. Holmes & Matlack, 2017). Thus, for the analysis of past land cover, we ended up with three categories: ancient forest plots (AF), recent postarable plots (RF-Arable), and recent post-grassland/heathland plots (RF-Grass) ( Fig.…”

Section: Land-use History Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litter quality, land-use history, and nitrogen deposition effects on topsoil conditions across European temperate deciduous forests

Maes

Blondeel

Perring

et al. 2019

Forest Ecology and Management

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Section: Land-use History Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litter quality, land-use history, and nitrogen deposition effects on topsoil conditions across European temperate deciduous forests

Maes

Blondeel

Perring

et al. 2019

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…The changes in composition observed here can also be linked to environmental filtering driven by stand growth and the developing physical environment. Openness of the canopy was greatest in the youngest age class, reflecting the irregular canopy structure of very young successional sites (Holmes & Matlack, ). Openness corresponded to high total herb cover and abundance of disturbance‐oriented species such as P. aurea , Vitis spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microtopography influenced species composition across the entire chronosequence and in the 61‐ to 80‐year age class, corresponding with abundance of shade‐tolerant perennial herbs like P. peltatum , Oxalis violacea and Caulophyllum thalictroides . Emergence of microtopography as a driver of composition parallels a twofold increase in the range of micro‐elevation through the chronosequence (Holmes & Matlack, ). Microtopography potentially facilitates compositional change by providing suitable microsites for habitat specialists (Beatty, ; Flinn, ), in which case the rate of change would be controlled by the rate at which microsites appeared.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil moisture content was measured in the field with a portable meter. Details are provided in Holmes and Matlack (). The current paper tests environmental gradients as drivers of successional trends in richness and composition; development of the structural and edaphic environment was examined separately (Holmes & Matlack, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to cultivated land, former pastures typically show more microtopographic variation (e.g. Holmes & Matlack, ), higher carbon content, lower nitrogen and phosphorous and lower pH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assembling the forest herb community after abandonment from agriculture: Long‐term successional dynamics differ with land‐use history

Holmes

Matlack

2018

Journal of Ecology

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Cultivation and pasturing, both historically common forms of agriculture in eastern North America, differ in their long‐term environmental legacies. We ask whether successional reassembly of the forest herb community differs between second‐growth stands with contrasting agricultural histories. We predicted that herb communities would diverge through a process of environmental filtering as colonist species responded to the agricultural histories of individual sites and to underlying edaphic gradients. Thirty‐five second‐growth stands were grouped into a replicated chronosequence of formerly cultivated and pastured sites spanning 80 years after canopy closure. Five long‐established stands without signs of agricultural history were included as controls. Herbaceous vegetation and soil and environmental variables were recorded at each site. Forest herb species accumulated through the chronosequence. Community composition changed through successional time, transitioning from open‐forest species to shade‐tolerant perennial herbs, and differed significantly between pastured and cultivated sites. A high degree of similarity among control sites suggests eventual convergence, although chronosequence sites at 80 years had not yet reached the richness and composition observed in the controls. Agricultural practices were initially distinguishable in species richness, evenness, and composition but agricultural influence receded as the stands approached 80 years. Synthesis. Community assembly in post‐agricultural forests appears to be a process of site‐level convergence driven by gradual accumulation of species from the regional species pool, relatively rapid conformity to soil gradients and growth of the forest stand. This result is scale‐dependent; distributions are controlled by topographic filtering at coarser and finer scales.

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Tree identity and canopy openness mediate oil palm biodiversity enrichment effects on insect herbivory and pollination

Graß

Zemp

et al. 2023

Ecological Applications

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As the extent of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) cultivation has expanded at the expense of tropical rainforests, enriching conventional large-scale oil palm plantations with native trees has been proposed as a strategy for restoring biodiversity and ecosystem function. However, how tree enrichment affects insect-mediated ecosystem functions is unknown. We investigated impacts on insect herbivory and pollination in the fourth year of a plantation-scale, long-term oil palm biodiversity enrichment experiment in Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia. Within 48 plots systematically varying in size (25-1600 m 2 ) and planted tree species richness (one to six species), we collected response data on vegetation structure, understory insect abundances, and pollinator and herbivore activity on chili plants (Capsicum annuum), which served as indicators of insect-mediated ecosystem functions. We examined the independent effects of plot size, tree species richness, and tree identity on these response variables, using the linear model for random partitions design. The experimental treatments were most associated with vegetation structure: tree identity mattered, as the species Peronema canescens strongly decreased (by approximately one standard deviation) both canopy openness and understory vegetation cover; whereas tree richness only decreased understory flower density. Further, the smallest plots had the lowest understory flower density and richness, presumably because of lower light availability and colonization rates, respectively.Enrichment influenced herbivorous insects and natural enemies in the understory to a lesser extent: both groups had higher abundances in plots with two enrichment species planted, possibly because higher associated tree mortality created more habitat, while herbivores decreased with increasing tree species richness, in line with the resource concentration hypothesis. Linking relationships in structural equation models showed that the negative association

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Forest micro-environment develops through time: Changes in physical and structural heterogeneity follow abandonment from two forms of agriculture

Cited by 19 publications

References 58 publications

Litter quality, land-use history, and nitrogen deposition effects on topsoil conditions across European temperate deciduous forests

Litter quality, land-use history, and nitrogen deposition effects on topsoil conditions across European temperate deciduous forests

Assembling the forest herb community after abandonment from agriculture: Long‐term successional dynamics differ with land‐use history

Tree identity and canopy openness mediate oil palm biodiversity enrichment effects on insect herbivory and pollination

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