Forest-to-pasture conversion and recovery based on assessment of microbial communities in Eastern Amazon rainforest

Pedrinho, Alexandre; Mendes, Lucas William; Merloti, Luís Fernando; Fonseca, Mariley de Cássia da; Cannavan, Fabiana de Souza; Tsai, Siu Mui

doi:10.1093/femsec/fiy236

Cited by 57 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Although there is potential that these shifts in activity and in abundances of methane-cycling taxa are due to the DNA-SIP incubation process, multiple lines of evidence support that these results are not artifacts of incubation. We determined that the functional biomarker genes mcrA and pmoA did not become greatly enriched during incubation, the methane-cycling taxa associated with field methane fluxes overlap with those taxa we find to be active [40], and the phyla determined dominant in previous studies for these sites changed <10% in our 12 C-control samples (original soils~95% vs. 12 C-SIP incubated soils 85%) [64].…”

Section: Minimal Enrichment Of Methane-cyclers After Incubationmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Rainforest-to-pasture conversion stimulates soil methanogenesis across the Brazilian Amazon

et al. 2020

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The Amazon rainforest is a biodiversity hotspot and large terrestrial carbon sink threatened by agricultural conversion. Rainforest-to-pasture conversion stimulates the release of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The biotic methane cycle is driven by microorganisms; therefore, this study focused on active methane-cycling microorganisms and their functions across land-use types. We collected intact soil cores from three land use types (primary rainforest, pasture, and secondary rainforest) of two geographically distinct areas of the Brazilian Amazon (Santarém, Pará and Ariquemes, Rondônia) and performed DNA stable-isotope probing coupled with metagenomics to identify the active methanotrophs and methanogens. At both locations, we observed a significant change in the composition of the isotope-labeled methane-cycling microbial community across land use types, specifically an increase in the abundance and diversity of active methanogens in pastures. We conclude that a significant increase in the abundance and activity of methanogens in pasture soils could drive increased soil methane emissions. Furthermore, we found that secondary rainforests had decreased methanogenic activity similar to primary rainforests, and thus a potential to recover as methane sinks, making it conceivable for forest restoration to offset greenhouse gas emissions in the tropics. These findings are critical for informing land management practices and global tropical rainforest conservation.

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Section: Minimal Enrichment Of Methane-cyclers After Incubationmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…By targeting the active community, we directly show that pasture soils have a higher richness of active methanogens and specific methanogenic taxa significantly increase abundance. This increase in methanogen abundance and richness is likely due to the increased soil carbon cycling occurring in pasture soils [63,64].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainforest-to-pasture conversion stimulates soil methanogenesis across the Brazilian Amazon

et al. 2020

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“…Traditional sampling for molecular microbial ecology studies usually removes the litter before sampling (de Carvalho et al, 2016;Khan et al, 2019;Mendes et al, 2015;Pedrinho et al, 2019). Nevertheless, when visiting our study sites, we observed that the forest floor has a root layer on top of the mineral soil core and right below the litter.…”

Section: Sampling and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Consequently, it is crucial to understand how the conversion of tropical forest to other land-use systems affects edaphic microbiota, especially prokaryotes (Hug et al, 2016). Previous studies have identified a strong relationship between microbial biodiversity, soil properties, and land management in the Amazon rainforest (de Carvalho et al, 2016;Jesus et al, 2009;Mendes et al, 2015;Navarrete et al, 2015;Pedrinho et al, 2019;Rodrigues et al, 2013). These findings have shown that the deforestation followed by the introduction of pastures and agricultural systems increase the alpha diversity of soil bacteria, contrary to the previous expectation that bacterial diversity would be positively correlated with plant diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land-use and forest floor explain prokaryotic metacommunity structuring and spatial turnover in Amazonian forest-to-pasture conversion areas

Rocha

Ribeiro

Fontes

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Advancing extensive cattle production shifts the forest landscape and is considered one of the main drivers against biodiversity conservation in the Brazilian Amazonia. Considering soil as an ecosystem it becomes vital to identify the effects of land-use changes on soil microbial communities, structure, as well as its ecological functions and services. Herein, we explored relationships between land-use, soil types and forest floor (i.e., association between litter, root layer and bulk soil) on the prokaryotic metacommunity structuring in the Western Amazonia. Sites under high anthropogenic pressure were evaluated along a gradient of ± 800 km. Prokaryotic metacommunity are synergistically affected by soil types and land-use systems. Especially, the gradient of soil fertility and land-use shapes the structuring of the metacommunity and determines its composition. Forest-to-pasture conversion increases alpha, beta, and gamma diversities when considering only the prokaryotes from the bulk soil. Beta diversity was significantly higher in all forests when the litter and root layer were taken into account with the bulk soil. Our argumentation is that the forest floor harbors a prokaryotic metacommunity that adds at the regional scale of diversity a spatial turnover hitherto underestimated. Our findings highlight the risks of biodiversity loss and, consequently, the soil microbial diversity maintenance in tropical forests.

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“…The focus on land cover in this study is (1) a reflection of the extent of land-use change (sensu change in plant cover from native to productive/managed systems) that has occurred in New Zealand, and (2) recognises the growing base of scientific knowledge on the importance of land use change on soil microbial communities and functions. However, while an understanding between land use change and soil microbial communities has been observed across a broad range of biomes, most work has focussed on regions of high macroecological diversity such as the Amazon (Jesus et al 2009;Rodrigues et al 2013;Ranjan et al 2015;Pedrinho et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protecting the unseen majority: Land cover and environmental factors linked with soil bacterial communities and functions in New Zealand

Wakelin¹,

Scion²,

Forrester³

et al. 2021

NZJE

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The biodiversity in soil ecosystems is simultaneously incredibly rich and poorly described. In countries such as New Zealand, where high endemism in plant species emerged following extended geographical isolation, it is likely similar evolutionary pressures extended to soil microbial communities (our biodiversity 'dark matter'). However, we have little understanding of the extent of microbial life in New Zealand soils, let alone estimates of endemism, rates of species loss or gain, or implications for systems where plants and their microbiomes have co-evolved. In this study, we tested for the impacts of land-cover type (native forest, planted forest with exotic conifers, and pastoral agriculture) on soil bacterial communities and their functional potential, using environmental microarrays (PhyloChip and GeoChip, respectively). This evaluation was conducted across four environmentally different locations (Hokitika, Banks Peninsula, Craigieburn, and Eyrewell). The environment from which samples were collected was the largest and most significant factor associated with variation in bacterial community assemblage and function. As such, novel pockets of bacterial biodiversity, with discrete ecosystem function, may be present in New Zealand. There was some evidence to suggest that change in land cover affected soil bacterial species, but not their functions. Secondary testing found this effect was restricted to differences between native forest and agricultural land use. Bacterial communities and functions between native and planted forests were similar. Analysis of soil environmental properties among samples found that land cover effects were underpinned by changes in soil pH that typically accompanies application of lime in agricultural systems, but is uncommon in planted forests. When compared with other studies conducted in New Zealand, we conclude that: (1) different locations can harbour distinct communities of soil microbial diversity, and (2) land-use intensification, not land cover change per se, shifts microbial biodiversity through alteration of primary habitat conditions, particularly soil pH.

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Forest-to-pasture conversion and recovery based on assessment of microbial communities in Eastern Amazon rainforest

Cited by 57 publications

References 52 publications

Rainforest-to-pasture conversion stimulates soil methanogenesis across the Brazilian Amazon

Rainforest-to-pasture conversion stimulates soil methanogenesis across the Brazilian Amazon

Land-use and forest floor explain prokaryotic metacommunity structuring and spatial turnover in Amazonian forest-to-pasture conversion areas

Protecting the unseen majority: Land cover and environmental factors linked with soil bacterial communities and functions in New Zealand

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